Spinal stenosis is an abnormality in the bony and fibrous structure of the lumbar spinal canal due to certain factors, resulting in narrowing of one or more canal lumens and clinical symptoms of compression of the dura and nerve roots. This disease is one of the common causes of lumbar leg pain. The modern concept of lumbar spinal stenosis is a syndrome of compression of the cauda equina and nerve roots due to narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal, nerve root canal, or intervertebral foramen, which can be caused by bony spinal canal or dural sac stenosis, but does not include stenosis caused by simple disc herniation, infection, or neoplastic-induced occupying lesions in the spinal canal. Disc herniation, when present in conjunction with other types of stenosis, is also considered to be a component of the lesion. These include: 1. Congenital: (developmental or idiopathic) lumbar spinal stenosis 2. Acquired (secondary) lumbar spinal stenosis: (1) Degenerative Disc degeneration and backward bulging, osteophytes at the posterior edge of the vertebral body and arch, small joint hypertrophy and coalescence, epidural vascular abnormalities, and fatty inflammatory edema. The relative narrowing of the spinal canal with prolonged standing or walking time due to degenerative instability of the vertebral body; (2) Injurious: displaced bone and new bone after lumbar fracture dislocation, which can cause spinal canal narrowing; (3) Medically induced Bone scabs formed after posterior spinal fusion, adhesions and scar formation after laminectomy or injection therapy for lumbar disc herniation; (4) Spinal slippage Congenital or acquired-induced discontinuity of the spinal isthmus (4) congenital or acquired discontinuity of the spinal isthmus, secondary to spinal slippage. 3, mixed lumbar spinal stenosis: the coexistence of the above-mentioned congenital and acquired factors is more common in clinical practice. In recent years, due to the widespread clinical use of CT and MRI examinations, the morphological and structural changes in the spinal canal can be displayed in a comprehensive and correct manner. In elderly patients with severe low back pain, many have herniated discs combined with different degrees and types of lumbar spinal stenosis, and a few are caused by lumbar spinal stenosis alone. Since both lumbar disc herniation and lumbar spinal stenosis (except for the developmental type) occur on the basis of degenerative lumbar spine, lumbar disc herniation further accelerates the degenerative process. Therefore, lumbar disc herniation and lumbar spinal canal are accompanied by each other clinically and should be noted and not ignored in examination and treatment.