Thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenia causing bleeding, sounds pretty scary. So what exactly is thrombocytopenia? Where do platelets come from? What does it do? Why do platelets decrease? Does thrombocytopenia have to be treated? Not many people usually seem to pay attention to it, so here is a brief introduction and some suggestions and advice. Platelets are actually the number of platelets (platelet count) analyzed in routine blood or whole blood cell analysis. The normal range of platelets in normal people is generally 100-300×10^9/L, so less than 100×10^9/L can be called thrombocytopenia. Platelets are shed from the cytoplasm of mature megakaryocytes (plate-producing megakaryocytes) in the bone marrow (in fact, all peripheral blood cells are differentiated and developed from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, so the bone marrow is the source of hematopoiesis). Their lifespan is usually 7-14 days. The role of platelets is simply to stop bleeding, to play its role of hemostasis that we must elaborate its adhesion, aggregation and production of platelet factors, the release of platelet contractile protein and other functions, here first do not expand in detail. And why platelets appear to be reduced? In fact, simply put, it is: less platelet production/more platelet destruction/more platelet consumption, and possibly multiple factors intermingled with the situation: that is, the number of platelets generated by the bone marrow is not enough to destroy the periphery, the number of platelets lost, and gradually, the number of platelets in the blood is less. Therefore, clinical thrombocytopenia can have a variety of causes, the treatment of thrombocytopenia should also pay attention to the treatment of the cause, from the root, in order to solve the fundamental problem. From the above, we can simply see that thrombocytopenia will affect its hemostatic function, so clinical (i.e., the onset of the disease, clinical manifestations, hereinafter referred to as clinical) mostly see skin petechiae, petechiae, gum bleeding, nasal bleeding, excessive menstruation and other bleeding conditions. Does thrombocytopenia mean that platelets must be raised? Do we have to use hormones and platelet transfusion to increase platelets? Actually not! Clinically, thrombocytopenia is generally divided into several stages (more suitable for primary thrombocytopenic purpura). 1, platelets in 80-100 × 10^9 / L, generally its no significant impact, no significant difference with normal people, even if the surgery has no great impact; 2, platelets in 50-80 × 10^9 / L, general minor surgery without significant impact, clinical general no bleeding; 3, platelets in 30-50 × 10^9 / L, such as clinical no bleeding situation, can be observed, no special treatment 4, platelets below 20×10^9/L, spontaneous bleeding can be seen clinically (i.e., bleeding can occur without trauma, collectively referred to as spontaneous bleeding), should generally be closely monitored and recommended to be hospitalized for observation, if there is bleeding should be admitted to the hospital urgently, to give symptomatic treatment such as hemostasis, if necessary, hormone, propecia and platelet infusion therapy, and active treatment of the cause; 5, platelets below 10×10^9/L 5, platelets below 10 × 10^9/L is very severe thrombocytopenia, clinical see the risk of spontaneous bleeding is extremely high, once the bleeding may be life-threatening at any time. Therefore, the patient should be admitted to the hospital urgently and given emergency platelet-raising treatment and symptomatic treatment. Patients should take care of bed rest, avoid mood swings, keep bowel movements smooth, eat a soft diet, and avoid all trauma. Note: The above phased consideration is not completely rigid, because there are many causes of thrombocytopenia, such as platelet production disorders: aplastic anemia, acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, lymphoma, myeloma, tumor bone marrow metastasis, radiation and chemotherapy drugs that affect bone marrow hematopoiesis; excessive platelet destruction: primary thrombocytopenic purpura, hypersplenism, etc.; platelet Excessive platelet consumption: diffuse intravascular coagulation, thrombotic diseases, etc.; as well as certain bacterial and viral infections, rheumatic and immune diseases, etc. Therefore, for the treatment of thrombocytopenia, the best strategy is to treat the cause.