Definition: The esophageal wall protrudes outward in a restricted manner, forming a blind pocket with complete covering epithelium that communicates with the lumen of the esophagus, mostly acquired, congenital diverticula are rare. Classification: There are three types of diverticula according to the site and mechanism: (1) Pharyngoesophageal diverticula: It occurs at the junction of pharyngoesophagus, also called Zenker’s diverticula, and is related to the dysmotility of pharyngoesophageal muscles, the increased pressure in the lumen of the esophagus caused by the loss of cricopharyngeal muscle, and the weakness of the local muscle anatomy. (2) Middle esophageal diverticulum: Mostly located in the middle esophagus at the level of the tracheal divide, often due to chronic inflammatory adhesions in the mediastinal esophagus and contraction and traction of scar tissue, mostly caused by tuberculous inflammation of the pulmonary hilum or mediastinal lymph. (3) Supradiaphragmatic diverticulum: It occurs mostly on the right side of the esophagus 5-10 cm above the diaphragm, and its formation may be related to functional or mechanical obstruction in the lower esophagus that increases the pressure in the lumen of the esophagus, causing the esophageal mucosa to protrude through the weak zone of the esophageal musculature. Pseudodiverticula – pharyngoesophageal diverticula and supra-diaphragmatic diverticula. Its protruding blind pocket, only the esophageal mucosa and not the whole layer of the esophagus, also known as bulging diverticula. True diverticula – middle esophageal diverticula. Its protruding blind pouch contains the whole esophageal wall. Clinical symptoms: related to the diverticulum site, the size of the inner opening, the presence of food retention or inflammation, complications, etc. If the contents reflux there can be respiratory symptoms. (1) Pharyngoesophageal diverticulum: slowly progressive dysphagia, loud sounds can be heard when squeezing the neck or swallowing, and the regurgitated material is often freshly swallowed food and not accompanied by bitter and sour taste. (2) Middle esophageal diverticulum: Because of the large inner mouth, which facilitates drainage and little food retention, it is not easy to produce symptoms, and occasionally has difficulty in swallowing or swallowing. (3) Supradiaphragmatic diverticulum: symptoms are mild, with occasional dysphagia or dysphagia. Diagnosis: Esophagogram, esophagoscopy and functional esophageal examination. Treatment: Smaller asymptomatic diverticula may not require surgical treatment. Conservative medical treatment is possible for those with mild symptoms. Larger diverticula with significant symptoms should be treated surgically. Surgical methods: The methods include diverticulum inside-out suture or local excision of esophageal diverticulum, combined with cardia failure and diaphragm disease should be treated accordingly. The surgical approach is selected according to the location of different types of diverticula, cervical esophageal diverticula can be excised by small neck incision, thoracic esophageal diverticula treated by thoracoscopic surgery has become a more popular international surgical approach.