Low back pain is a common clinical condition. It has a high incidence and can be seen at all ages. In young and middle-aged patients, it is necessary to distinguish between mechanical low back pain due to disc disease and inflammatory low back pain due to rheumatism. The former is due to nerve compression, mostly radiating unilaterally to the lower extremities, with limited movement and aggravated by activity. The latter is mostly due to inflammatory lesions of seronegative arthropathies such as ankylosing spondylitis, and is usually aggravated after prolonged lying or sitting and relieved after activity. Of course, there are clinical cases where the 2 conditions exist simultaneously. Also the causes of low back pain are complex, including lumbar muscles, factors of the vertebral body, etc. It is best to find a doctor for a clear diagnosis.