I. Treatment objectives 1. Conversion to sinus rhythm: the best outcome of atrial fibrillation treatment. 2.Control of ventricular rate: Patients with atrial fibrillation who cannot recover sinus rhythm can apply drugs to slow down the ventricular rate. 3, prevent thrombosis: the application of anticoagulant drugs to prevent thrombosis and stroke. 1. Drug therapy: At present, drug therapy is still an important method of atrial fibrillation treatment, which can restore and maintain sinus rhythm, control ventricular rate and prevent thromboembolic complications. (1) drugs to restore normal rhythm: propafenone, amiodarone, Ibutilide, etc. (2) Frequency control drugs: Frequency control can reduce the symptoms and reduce the chance of heart failure. (3) drugs to prevent thrombosis: the main hazard of atrial fibrillation is embolism, long-term application of warfarin can reduce the incidence of embolism, the need to test the coagulation index. 2.Non-pharmacological treatment Non-pharmacological treatment of atrial fibrillation includes electrical cardioversion (conversion of sinus rhythm), catheter ablation therapy and surgical labyrinth surgery (complete eradication of atrial fibrillation). Electrical cardioversion is a method of restoring sinus rhythm by using two electrode pads placed in the appropriate part of the patient’s chest and issuing an electric current through a defibrillator. EPR is indicated for: emergency atrial fibrillation (e.g., myocardial infarction, extremely fast heart rate, hypotension, angina pectoris, heart failure, etc.), atrial fibrillation with severe symptoms that are difficult for the patient to tolerate, atrial fibrillation that was successfully resuscitated last time and has recurred without being maintained with medication. Electrical resuscitation is not a cure for atrial fibrillation, and patients often have recurrences of atrial fibrillation, and some patients will need to continue taking antiarrhythmic drugs to maintain sinus rhythm. Catheter ablation is suitable for the majority of patients with atrial fibrillation and is less invasive, easier for patients to accept, and can lead to a normal rhythm and a radical cure. Currently, it is most effective for paroxysmal AF. Surgical labyrinth surgery is mainly used for patients who need cardiac surgery for other heart diseases combined with atrial fibrillation, and is effective but invasive. It is not recommended for patients with simple atrial fibrillation.