ANCA-associated vasculitis is a group of systemic small-vessel vasculitis most prominently characterized by the ability to detect ANCA in the serum, primarily involving small vessels, and pathologically characterized by inflammation, necrosis, and granuloma formation with or without granulomas throughout the small vessels. It can be further classified into microscopic polyangiitis, granulomatous polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis. The common symptoms of ANCA-associated vasculitis may include fever, arthralgia, myalgia, malaise, weight loss, etc., and the corresponding clinical manifestations may occur when the lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, and the five senses are involved. There is no effective cure for ANCA-associated vasculitis, and the treatment is mainly based on medication, commonly used drugs are rituximab, methotrexate, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, etc., and immunoglobulin should be supplemented when necessary, and the progression of the patient’s condition can be controlled and the patient’s symptoms can be relieved by active and standardized treatment. All of the above drugs should be applied according to the doctor’s prescription. It is recommended that patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis go to the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of regular hospitals and receive standardized diagnosis and treatment under the guidance of doctors.