Vascular plaque refers to intravascular plaque. Intravascular plaque cannot be eliminated on its own, but medication can be used to prevent plaque from increasing in size, and surgical or interventional methods can be used to remove intravascular plaque for those plaques with surgical indications. The main reason for the formation of intravascular plaque is atherosclerosis, in which lipids in the blood are deposited into the endothelium of the arteries, and after more and more deposits are made in the endothelium, the lumen will eventually be blocked, causing a series of clinical symptoms. Drug treatment can only slow down the progress of arterial plaque and prevent it from growing bigger and bigger and blocking the lumen of the blood vessel. The main treatment methods are antiplatelet drug therapy and lipid regulation therapy, which can reduce the growth rate of plaque, stabilize plaque and prevent plaque rupture from causing thrombosis or embolism. If the plaque blocks the entire blood vessel, surgical treatment is needed. Surgery can be performed by implanting a stent into the blood vessel using endoluminal interventional techniques to open up the narrowed vessel and restore blood flow. New techniques and devices applied in recent years can also be used to mechanically rotate the plaque away from the body and then take it out of the body, which is relatively expensive in terms of consumables. Vascular plaque that cannot be unblocked by interventional techniques can be removed by surgical resection, which removes the plaque under direct vision. But it does not solve all plaque problems throughout the body.