Convulsions may be one of the manifestations of convulsions, which is one of the common pediatric emergencies, manifested as sudden onset of generalized or localized muscle twitching, mostly accompanied by rolling of both eyes upward, staring, squinting, or frequent blinking, pale or purple lips and face, closed teeth, and white foam at the mouth. Sometimes the seizures are repeated or even persistent and may occur in children of all ages. Frequent seizures or persistent states of convulsions can endanger the life of the child or leave serious sequelae, affecting the intellectual development and health of the child. The etiology of convulsions is divided into infectious and non-infectious, and can be further divided into intracranial and extracranial lesions according to the site of involvement. The common causes of acute convulsions are fever, infection, cranial injury, etc., and febrile convulsions are the most common in children. Most cases of convulsions occur outside the hospital, and parents learn self-help methods in the process of seeking medical attention. Place the child in a flat position, tilt the head back to the side, loosen the collar, keep the airway open, remove secretions from the mouth, nose, throat and throat to prevent aspiration and suffocation. Keep quiet, avoid unnecessary stimulation such as calling, tapping and moving to reduce seizures. Strengthen nursing care to prevent bed fall and bruising injury. Seek medical attention promptly after on-site emergency treatment, establish intravenous access, monitor vital signs, administer oxygen, and if the convulsive seizures persist, use drugs to stop the convulsions as soon as possible, and improve relevant tests such as blood and urine tests, cranial MRI, and EEG to clarify the cause. Repeated convulsions can have a serious impact on children’s health, and the treatment and prognosis are different for different causes, so actively looking for the causes and preventing them is an effective measure to protect children’s health.