In the clinic, we often meet patients with infertility. They have been to many hospitals and tried many prescriptions, but in the end, they are still not pregnant. Some of them have irregular menstruation, some of them have more and heavier sweat hair, and some of them even have 1-2 long hairs on their breasts, and finally, one day, they are told by the doctor that their infertility is caused by polycystic ovary syndrome. So, what is polycystic ovary syndrome? What exactly does it have to do with pregnancy? Can it be cured? What other harmful effects does it have on the body? Polycystic ovary syndrome is a disease caused by endocrine disorders. Its main manifestations are scanty menstruation, amenorrhea, hirsutism, obesity and infertility. Ultrasound shows 10 to 12 or more small follicles, less than 8 mm in diameter, in the ovaries. Although there are many follicles, few follicles develop to maturity and ovulation each menstrual cycle. Therefore, the most important cause of infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome is the absence of ovulation. In a normal person, there is a natural pattern of hormone secretion from the brain (usually called the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis) to the female gonads and ovaries during each menstrual cycle, but not in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, where some hormones that should not be elevated, such as androgens and luteinizing hormone, are higher than normal, and some people even show hyperinsulinemia, while estradiol, which has real estrogenic activity, does not reach the hormone level before ovulation. The hormone levels before ovulation. As a result, the hormonal secretion pattern of the normal menstrual cycle is disturbed, leading to ovulation disorders. Modern medical research has shown that polycystic ovary syndrome not only causes altered menstruation and non-ovulation, but it is also a metabolic disorder. It is also associated with a number of metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and atherosclerosis. Also, because the ovaries do not ovulate, they cannot transform the endometrium normally, which can easily lead to excessive endometrial hyperplasia, and the incidence of endometrial cancer is 3-4 times higher than normal people. So, how to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome? The European Society for Human Reproduction (ESHRE) and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) proposed in Rotterdam in 2003 that the recommended diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome are: 1. occasional ovulation and/or anovulation; 2. clinical and/or biochemical parameters suggesting hyperandrogenemia and excluding other possible causative factors; 3. bilateral polycystic ovarian changes. The diagnosis is made when two of the above three criteria are met. Is there nothing that can be done after having polycystic ovary syndrome and is there any chance of pregnancy? The answer is yes. For patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, as long as the abnormal endocrine “vicious cycle” is interrupted and normal menstruation and ovulation are restored, it is possible to get pregnant and meet the needs of infertile patients. So, how to treat polycystic ovary syndrome? First, for obese women, weight control is a key step. Then, lowering androgens with medications to regulate the menstrual cycle and promote ovulation, and for those with insulin resistance leading to hyperinsulinemia, improving insulin sensitivity can also be used to improve ovulation. For those with combined tubal lesions, IVF can also be done. For women who have already given birth, as polycystic ovary syndrome manifests ovulation disorders, which can easily lead to endometrial hyperplasia, early intervention should be made in the treatment principle to prevent endometrial hyperplasia and prevent endometrial lesions, and progesterone can be added regularly to improve the conversion of endometrial hyperplasia. The purpose of preventing the occurrence of endometrial cancer can be achieved. In conclusion, polycystic ovary syndrome is a multi-morbidity and common disease among women, and with the gradual deepening of people’s understanding of it, it will be better controlled as a way to protect the health of the majority of women.