After breast cancer surgery, physical exercise is a process that cannot be missed. In recent years, the incidence of breast cancer is increasing, which is threatening the health of many women, so early detection and treatment is the most effective way to treat breast cancer. Surgical procedures are still the main method of early treatment for breast cancer. The dysfunction of the affected upper limb often occurs after breast cancer surgery, mainly manifested as lymphedema of the upper limb, limited range of motion of the shoulder joint, low muscle strength, fatigue and fine motor dysfunction rapidly after exercise, the degree of which depends on the surgical procedure and postoperative time, the difference of radiotherapy and functional exercise. The main significance of postoperative exercise is to reduce lymphedema and promote shoulder joint movement. Different surgical approaches to breast cancer may result in different degrees of upper extremity dysfunction, mainly due to damage to the lymphatic vessels from the axilla to the medial aspect of the upper arm as a result of axillary lymph node dissection. As the lymphatic vessels are inevitably destroyed, lymphatic drainage is poor, leading to lymphedema in the upper extremity. The lymphedema in the upper extremity affects the movement of the upper extremity and restricts the movement of the shoulder joint. At the same time, the reduced activity of the upper extremity caused by the restricted movement of the shoulder joint will increase the risk of lymphedema in the upper extremity, and the two form a vicious circle. Of course, poor wound healing after surgery makes functional exercise impossible, or patients are afraid to perform upper limb exercise, which affects the recovery of upper limb function and leads to different degrees of limitation of shoulder joint movement. At present, it is generally believed that functional exercise of the affected limb should be carried out as early as possible after breast cancer surgery. Exercising before the scar tissue is formed at the axillary incision can prevent scar contracture, muscle atrophy and joint ankylosis around the axilla, and also avoid the compression of the axillary vein by the contracted scar tissue, so that the obstruction of axillary venous return can be reduced. At the same time, the movement of the affected limb promotes blood circulation, increases lymphatic return, reduces the occurrence of edema or promotes edema reduction, thus improving the function of the upper limb. The study concluded that the duration of functional exercise after breast cancer surgery should be more than 6 months, especially the first 3 months are particularly important. If the functional exercise of the affected limb is not carried out after surgery, the contraction of the scar tissue will affect the movement of the shoulder joint, and even if the exercise is carried out again after the scar tissue is in a more stable state, the effect will not be ideal. Postoperative functional exercise is performed in 3 stages. Stage 1: From postoperative to removal of axillary drainage tube. (1) Finger exercises: finger exercises can be done on the day of surgery, starting from the thumb and flexing and extending in turn. (2) Elbow activities: do elbow flexion and extension exercises on the first day after surgery, brush teeth and wash face with the affected hand in the morning, hold the wrist with the affected hand during meals, but avoid opening the axilla on the affected side and apply a triangular towel for protection, and sleep with the affected side Put a small pillow under the upper limb to avoid wrist prolapse. Stage 2: After removal of the axillary drainage tube until the stitches are removed. Phase 1 exercises were continued while the following exercises were performed. (1) Hair combing exercise: On the third postoperative day, start hair combing exercise by holding a comb on the affected side, do not tilt the neck, raise the elbow, keep the natural position, and comb facing the mirror, 3 times a day, 3-5 min each time. (2) Upper arm exercise: On the third postoperative day, start upper arm exercise at the same time, in order to protect the incision on the affected side, hold the elbow with the healthy hand during the exercise, and do the upper limb on the affected side over the head exercise, 3 times a day, 3-5 min each time. (3) Shoulder exercise: start shoulder exercise on the 4th postoperative day, gradually place the affected hand on the occipital area and touch the contralateral ear, assisted by the healthy hand at the beginning, gradually leap the affected hand over the head and touch the contralateral ear for 3-5 min each time, 3 times a day. (4) Ball-pressing exercise: perform ball-pressing exercise on the same day as shoulder exercise, press the ball with both hands in front of the chest, slightly elevate the shoulder on the affected side during the exercise, do not open and close the armpit, and do not raise the wrist higher than the head. Stage 3: After the removal of the stitches, the following 5 exercises were performed while the first and second stage exercises were continued. (1) Wall pressing exercise: press the wall with both hands, support the body, flex and extend the elbow, in order to avoid the difference between the affected side and the healthy side, you should exert force together, and the force should be balanced. (2) arm swinging exercise: hands swing left and right significantly, in order to avoid bilateral differences should be common force. (3) Inciting arm movement: fold the ten fingers of both hands behind the head, open and close the two elbows in front, keep the two elbows at the same height and spread backwards in a wide range. (4) climbing wall exercise: along the wall fingertips reach upward to the height of the healthy side as the standard, and keep a daily record. (5) sling movement: hold the rope flexion and extension of the elbow, two arms on both sides of the body up and down pulling. Wall climbing and hanging rope exercise should be carried out at the end. Each exercise is 3~5min, 3 times a day. There are various factors affecting patients’ postoperative exercise for breast cancer, such as postoperative wound pain and patients’ fear and nervousness, all of which make postoperative exercise affected. Patients should be given encouragement and cultivate positive emotions, but the process of postoperative exercise should also be gradual and should not be blindly adventurous.