There is generally no such thing as a person not living long after chemotherapy in clinical practice. If treated and cared for in the right way, chemotherapy can extend the survival time of patients. Nowadays, many cancer patients in the clinic can prolong their survival cycle through chemotherapy and not necessarily die. And some cancers can even achieve clinical cure after radical resection combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. And some people think that they will not live long after chemotherapy, but in fact, it is because the cancer spreads and causes the disease to progress too fast, thus leading to death, which is not too much related to chemotherapy. Therefore, if chemotherapy is available, it should be actively cooperated with treatment as early as possible, which can help patients improve their quality of life and prolong their survival time. At present, there are more and more clinical treatments for anti-tumor drugs, although PD-1 immunotherapy and targeted drugs are more and more available, but traditional chemotherapy drugs, are still in a very critical position, and chemotherapy is still the basis of tumor drug therapy. Chemotherapeutic drugs, namely cytotoxic antitumor drugs, mainly inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells through cytotoxicity and induce apoptosis of tumor cells to accomplish the purpose of anti-tumor. However, chemotherapy has certain toxic reactions, and drug resistance may also occur. This is also the reason why the society has the saying of “not living long after chemotherapy”. With the development of medicine, targeted therapy and immunotherapy are now more and more widely used, and according to the condition of the disease, suitable treatment plan or combination therapy can be chosen. In addition, chemotherapy drugs are constantly updated and becoming more and more effective, and chemotherapy with side effects replaces the old chemotherapy drugs with large side effects, and the emergence of new drugs to assist in reducing side effects can also help reduce chemotherapy toxic side effects and drug resistance, thus achieving better treatment effects.