There is no clear data showing the average life expectancy of a 50-year-old with rheumatic heart disease, which is subject to large individual differences and cannot be generalized. The life expectancy of a 50-year-old patient with rheumatic heart disease is related to the location of the lesion, the occurrence of complications, the recurrence of rheumatic fever, and daily prevention and treatment. For patients with rheumatic heart disease who can be cured by undergoing membrane replacement surgery before structural and functional changes in the heart occur, the life expectancy of such patients may not be very different from that of normal people. If rheumatic heart disease is combined with severe pulmonary hypertension, the patient’s survival period will be greatly shortened; if a variety of serious complications such as heart failure and arrhythmia occur, they may even be life-threatening. Once diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease, systematic treatment should be carried out as soon as possible to help slow down the progression of the disease and improve the quality of life of the patients, thus prolonging their life.