Lower extremity pain is a common disease in the human body, especially prevalent in the middle-aged and elderly, and has a great impact on people’s daily life. There are many causes of lower extremity pain, such as: lumbar strain loss, lumbar disc disease, sciatic nerve disease, patellofemoral tenderness, etc. Although these diseases can cause a lot of pain to people, they usually do not cause adverse consequences. However, there is one disease that causes pain in the lower limbs that must be taken seriously because such diseases, if not treated early, can eventually lead to limb necrosis, limb loss, or even death, and this is the disease known as the limb killer – arterial insufficiency. However, unfortunately, these diseases are often delayed in diagnosis and treatment. We know that in our daily life, cars and airplanes cannot walk or fly without fuel, and without electricity supply, even the best appliances can only be regarded as waste. The same applies to the human body, without adequate blood supply, it is difficult for life activities to proceed normally. Usually there is one main blood supply artery in the thigh of human lower limb, which continues to the lower leg and then divides into three main branches. The arterial structure of the human body has three layers: the inner membrane, the middle membrane and the outer membrane. When various undesirable factors damage the arterial vessels, the inner membrane of the vessels begin to grow and thicken, and the middle layer stiffens and loses its original elasticity, which is the basic principle of the formation of atherosclerosis. This is the basic principle of atherosclerosis formation. As the disease develops, atherosclerotic plaques will be formed in the arterial intima and gradually increase, which is like a buried sewer pipe for many years, the lumen of which is heavily rusted and covered with dirt. (2) The further development of atherosclerotic plaque leads to complete occlusion of the arterial lumen. This is the main cause of arterial insufficiency in the lower extremities. The performance of the limb disease caused by insufficient arterial blood supply is divided into four stages according to the degree of the disease, the first stage: the affected limb appears cold, numb feeling, the second stage: the patient after walking a normal distance appears the affected limb discomfort, soreness, pain, and even must stop to rest for a few minutes before continuing to walk, this phenomenon is medically called “intermittent claudication This phenomenon is medically called “intermittent claudication”. The shorter the distance the symptoms appear when walking, the more severe the condition. Above this stage, if the affected limb has a wound for any reason, its healing will be affected. Stage 3: The patient experiences pain in the affected limb even when not exercising and resting in bed. At this stage, the blood supply to the artery of the limb is already very little and cannot meet the basic physiological needs of the body, which is called “resting pain” in medical science. The fourth stage: it is called “necrosis stage”. The affected limb is usually dry, discolored and atrophied from the end of the toe, and this gradually expands, eventually forcing the limb to be amputated and disabled. Currently, there is the ability to treat this type of disease to avoid negative consequences. Depending on the condition, treatment can include medication, balloon dilation and stenting, and surgical bridging of blood vessels. However, the key is that the patient must be seen before the onset of the “necrotic phase” and the best surgical treatment for this disease is generally at the end of the second and beginning of the third stage. For the sake of health and quality survival, we hope that patients with suspected arterial insufficiency of the limbs will seek early consultation at hospitals specializing in vascular surgery.