“Calcium/Iron/Zinc is the indispensable “good friend” in baby’s growth and development! How to give baby supplement “calcium / iron / zinc”, this is a lot of baby parents are very concerned about the problem! Baby loves to sweat, is it a zinc deficiency? Baby pillow bald, is it calcium deficiency? Baby’s skin is too white, is it a lack of iron? …… Once encountered on how to supplement these micronutrient problems, the baby parents will be in a state of confusion. CalciumCalcium China Nutrition Society suggests that infants under 6 months of age should consume 300 milligrams of calcium per day, children 7-12 months of age should consume 400 milligrams, 1-3 years of age should consume 600 milligrams, and 4-10 years of age should consume 800 milligrams. For children aged 1-4 years old, if they can drink 500 milliliters of milk a day and the rest of their diet is good, they do not need to take extra calcium supplements. 1, the performance of calcium deficiency in babies Calcium is one of the nutrients that are most likely to be deficient in children’s diets. Rapidly growing infants and young children long time intake of calcium is too low and accompanied by vitamin D deficiency, less sun exposure, can trigger growth retardation, bone deformity, dental dysplasia. Although calcium is very important, but do not casually and sloppily pillow baldness and calcium deficiency, although the two are not unrelated. On weekdays we worry about our children’s calcium deficiency, in fact, we are worried about our children suffering from rickets. Many people think that lack of calcium can cause infants to suffer from rickets, but the real cause of rickets is the lack of vitamin D in infants. the lack of vitamin D in infants will affect the infant’s absorption of calcium as well as the deposition of calcium in the bones, thus affecting bone development. 2.What are the foods for calcium supplement? (1) Milk and milk products: Milk and milk products not only contain a lot of calcium, but also have a high absorption rate. Milk also contains protein, fat, carbohydrates and vitamins necessary for the growth of baby, calcium effect is particularly good. (2) high calcium content of food: shrimp is particularly high in calcium, followed by egg yolk, kelp, black fungus, seaweed, soybeans and soybean products, fish head tofu soup is also a good food for calcium. Tips: ① supplement calcium at the same time to supplement vitamin D (especially the lack of sunshine baby and through the process of dietary intake is insufficient). From many days after birth to less than 1 year old, the preventive amount of vitamin D is standardized at 400IU/d, 1 year old to puberty for 600IU/d (IU/d is the international unit). ② Calcium supplement actually can not let the child grow taller, is the fast growth and development of children and the age of the stage more need to pay attention to calcium supplementation, in order to keep up with the rhythm of the baby’s growth and development. ③ big bone soup calcium content is actually not high, this is folk misinformation. Second, iron Iron As usual, 0 ~ 3 months of infants rely on their own stores of iron and daily intake of 0.3 mg of iron from breast milk, has been able to meet its growth needs before 3 months. 3 ~ 12 months of infants loss per day plus the growth needs, a total of about 0.8 mg per day should be ingested 10 mg of iron. By analogy, children aged 1 to 10 years should consume 12 mg of iron per day. 1, baby iron deficiency manifestations of children iron deficiency can lead to iron deficiency anemia, 3 years of age within the most common pediatric. Most of them appear in the present after 3 or 4 months, this is because the fetal storage of iron is used up, mother’s milk contains less iron. Iron deficiency will damage the intellectual development of children, so that infants and young children are easily agitated, apathy, lack of interest in things around them, but also can cause children, adolescents attention, learning ability, memory abnormalities. 2, iron methods: (1) eat iron-rich food: that is, animal food, for example, animal blood, liver, lean meat (6 months after the baby can gradually begin to feed the well-known brand of finished pig liver puree). (2) Foods rich in vitamin C: fruits and vegetables such as kiwi, mandarin oranges, oranges and tomatoes. Vitamin C can convert iron in food into absorbable ferrous iron. (3) Eat fortified food: in milk powder, rice flour, soy milk, there are many are specially added iron, “iron” fortified food in the food label are specially indicated (distinguish between age-appropriate choices). 3.If Iron Deficiency Anemia has been diagnosed, what should I do? For babies with mild anemia, scientific and reasonable dietary supplements can basically correct the anemia, and dietary iron supplementation is only for those babies with more severe anemia, i.e., ferrous drugs, vitamin C tablets and gastric enzyme tablets must be added in addition to dietary therapy. Iron supplementation should be based on the baby’s weight, anemia and growth rate to comprehensive judgment, need to be under the guidance of a doctor. Tips: Do iron pots supplement iron? In traditional Chinese cooking, the most used cooking utensils are iron pots and spatulas. It has been reported that the use of iron cooking pots can increase iron intake. In this regard, in the nutritional community, the standard statement is that cooking food in iron pots may increase the amount of iron in the diet, which is only possible, not certain. This is emphasized because aluminum is harmful. Third, zinc Zinc China Nutrition Society suggests that the recommended daily intake of zinc for our children is: under half a year old if exclusively breastfed, it is 1.45 mg; artificially fed children’s intake should be increased accordingly; 6 months to 1 year old children, has added complementary foods, should be ingested 8 mg per day; 1 to 4 years of age intake of 9 mg. Actual inquiry and visit shows that most of our infants daily zinc intake is only about 60% of the above recommended amount. Therefore, adjusting the dietary structure and increasing the proportion of animal food to improve the zinc nutritional status of children should be taken seriously by mothers and fathers. 1, baby zinc deficiency performance Anorexia, slow growth and development performance: reduced appetite is one of the early manifestations of zinc deficiency in infants and young children. Children with zinc deficiency have a diminished sense of taste, and can’t distinguish between acid, sweet, bitter and salty; stunted growth, short stature and weight gain; poor resistance, repeated colds or diarrhea; easy to suffer from recurring mouth ulcers or map tongue; zinc deficiency can also impair the function of the child’s taste buds, and anorexia occurs. 2, how to determine whether the zinc deficiency hair zinc in fact can not accurately reflect the body’s zinc nutrition. Because zinc deficiency will prevent protein synthesis, so zinc deficiency in children’s hair growth slowed down, the result is that the amount of zinc contained in each gram of hair is actually quite a lot; zinc supplements, hair growth accelerated, so the hair zinc instead of zinc supplements before the reduction. In addition, the hair is susceptible to sweat glands, sebaceous secretions, dust, shampoo and other pollution. In contrast, the determination of serum (or plasma) zinc concentration, the results are accurate and much more reliable. In zinc-deficient babies, serum zinc is often below 11.47 umol/L. Zinc food: zinc only 10 mg per day, but because the body can not be stored in large quantities, it is necessary to often by the food supply. The usual diet is the main source of zinc: 1, seafood: the most rich in zinc, such as fish and shrimp, oysters, kelp, etc.. 2, animal liver: chicken liver, duck liver, pig liver contains more zinc. It is recommended that children eat animal liver 2-3 times a week. 3, lean meat: animal food decomposition of amino acids can help the absorption of zinc, its absorption rate is often more than 40%. 4, pasta: steamed bread, noodles, bread is more conducive to the absorption of zinc than eating rice flour. 5, fruits and vegetables: mushrooms, lentils, potatoes, cabbage, pumpkin, radish, eggplant, oranges, lemons, walnuts, peanuts, corn, cauliflower, broccoli, spinach, black fungus and other plant foods containing zinc. Fourth, on the trace element test baby to do trace element test results can only be used for reference trace element test is only a means of screening, the test results can not be used as the basis for clinical diagnosis, can only be a reference. The dietary status of the tested person in the past one or two days will also affect the results of trace elements, and factors including testing equipment, operator level will also affect the results; in addition to the child’s body’s trace element content is a dynamic level, need to be combined with clinical symptoms in order to make a diagnosis, and can not be simply look at the test report on the numerical value to make a judgment. Even if the detection of the child lacks a certain trace element, how to supplement is also a great learning. Blindly to the baby to take supplementary trace elements of health products, not only may not be able to absorb, but also prone to a variety of trace elements between the mutual antagonism of the problem, such as calcium and zinc will affect the rate of absorption of iron, iron will also reduce the rate of absorption of zinc. The intake of trace elements should not be deficient, but should never be excessive. Micronutrient supplementation does need to be approached with caution, especially in infants. The safest way is to improve the balance of the diet. If a child is really deficient in a particular micronutrient, it can be treated with dietary modification supplemented with the necessary medication. Instead of focusing on whether the micronutrient test results are normal or abnormal, parents should learn what micronutrients are in various foods, what nutrients they contain, and how to combine them with the three meals a day. This is the best and safest.