The phenomenon of vaginal bleeding after intercourse, which is small and self-stopping, is insignificant and often ignored by many women. Although this is a small and insignificant symptom, there is a reason for any abnormal symptom to appear and a visit to the hospital may reveal some problems. Today, we talk about the common causes of bleeding after intercourse and the treatment of bleeding after intercourse. I hope to attract the attention of women and pay more attention to the abnormal performance of their bodies.
What are the causes of bleeding after intercourse?
Due to the different physiological characteristics of women of all ages, the common causes of bleeding after intercourse are also different. Generally speaking, there are several reasons for vaginal bleeding after intercourse.
1. Bleeding after intercourse after menstruation
Some women have vaginal bleeding when they have intercourse just after their menstruation. They think that their periods are completely clean, but in fact, they had intercourse too early. When the uterus contracts under sexual stimulation, the blood left in the uterine cavity is discharged from the vagina, which is manifested as bleeding after intercourse.
2. Ovulation bleeding
A small number of women have bleeding during ovulation, etc. Calculation of the ovulation period: In case of regular menstruation, it is about 14-16 days before the next menstrual period. Ovulatory bleeding may be related to fluctuations in hormone levels around the time of ovulation. The brief drop in estrogen levels causes the endometrium to lose its hormonal support and some of the endometrium is shed, resulting in regular vaginal bleeding.
3. Vaginitis
Common vaginitis include mycosis fungoides, trichomonas vaginitis and senile vaginitis. Vaginitis is usually accompanied by vulvar itching, increased leucorrhea, and edema, congestion or rupture of the vaginal mucosa. If you have intercourse at this time, there may be bloody discharge from the vagina due to irritation.
4. Endometriosis
In some cases, endometriosis grows in the cervix in the form of blue-purple nodules. If this blue-purple ectopic nodule is encountered during intercourse, it may cause bleeding. The bleeding is usually small and dark red in color, and abdominal pain often occurs after intercourse.
5. Inflammation of the cervix
The more common chronic cervicitis in women of childbearing age are cervical erosion and cervical polyps. The most common chronic cervical infections in women of childbearing age are white or yellow purulent mucus with blood or a small amount of blood, and often pain in the lower abdomen or sacrum. Cervical polyps often protrude outside the cervical opening, single or multiple, with brittle texture and bleeding easily when touched, and this bleeding is usually bright red.
6. Cervical cancer
Bleeding after sexual intercourse is its earliest symptom. There are more small blood vessels and fragile tissues at the cancer lesion, so whenever after sexual intercourse, the capillaries will bleed due to damage and rupture. If the cancer develops further, it will bleed more easily. Most patients with cervical cancer do not have any uncomfortable symptoms in early stage, and bleeding after intercourse may be the only symptom. In turn, cervical cancer is a common cause of bleeding after intercourse.
7. External genital tract injury
(1) Virgin touch injury: the most common one is the rupture of hymen during the first intercourse.
(2) Vaginal laceration: it mostly occurs during involuntary intercourse or very rough intercourse, and can also lead to vaginal bleeding if the position and location of intercourse is improper.
(3) Poorly healed vaginal wounds after previous vaginoplasty, hymenoplasty, excision of intravaginal masses and hysterectomy.
8. Other causes
Emergency contraceptive pills, submucosal fibroids, dislocation of the birth control ring after its placement in the uterus, and premature intercourse during menstruation, after abortion and during the puerperium, which can easily cause infection, are also causes of post-coital bleeding. In addition, bleeding in pregnant women should be taken seriously and treated as soon as possible.
What should I do if I bleed after intercourse?
Women bleeding after intercourse, first of all, we should find out the cause of the disease, and then take appropriate measures.
1. Bleeding after intercourse after menstruation: If this phenomenon occurs, after excluding other diseases, please have intercourse after 3 days after your menstruation is completely clean to avoid this phenomenon and also avoid inflammation.
2. Ovulatory bleeding: If the bleeding is small, short and occurs once in a while, treatment is not necessary. If the bleeding is heavy, long and occurs repeatedly several times, the cause needs to be further identified, such as ovarian cysts and other pathological phenomena, which need to be treated.
3. Vaginitis: If bleeding is caused by trichomonas vaginalis, bleeding from intercourse can be stopped after trichomonas is cured.
4. Endometriosis: The gold standard for diagnosing endometriosis is laparoscopy, but laparoscopy is an invasive test. If the patient has dysmenorrhea, anal cramps, and chronic pelvic pain; gynecological examination with tenderness nodules in bilateral uterosacral ligaments; ultrasound suggesting adnexal cysts with scattered light spots inside; and significantly elevated serum CA125, endometriosis can be diagnosed. Western medicine can use progesterone cycle therapy, pseudopregnancy therapy, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist application, and also surgical treatment; Chinese medicine can be used for oral and enema treatment.
5. Cervical inflammation: A gynecological examination at the hospital can clarify the diagnosis. Mild cervical erosion can be treated with pills; moderate to severe cervical erosion and cervical polyps are recommended to be treated surgically. The bleeding after intercourse will disappear after treatment.
6. Cervical cancer: HPV and TCT tests, commonly known as cervical smear, are required. The name of cervical cancer is well known and needs to be treated as soon as possible.
7. Vaginal lacerations need to come to the hospital for examination, which can heal spontaneously in mild cases or require surgical repair in severe cases. Bleeding after gynecological surgery needs to be seen in hospital immediately.
8. Other causes of bleeding after intercourse should be identified and then treated according to the cause.
In conclusion, there are many reasons for bleeding after intercourse, and it is mostly an abnormal sign, which may be the signal of precancerous lesion of cervical cancer, so we must pay enough attention to it and go to the hospital as soon as possible!