The lateral aspect of the distal tibia has a cut or shallow groove that fits into the fibula, which is composed of a large anterior tubercle (called Chaput’s or Tillaux-Chaput’s node, with attachment of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament) and an apparently smaller posterior tubercle (Volkmann’s node, where the posterior ankle has attachment of the posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament). The anterior portion of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament runs obliquely distal to the lateral ankle, and its fibular stop is called the Wagstaffe node, or Le-Fort node. An avulsion fracture of these three nodes, as the name implies, is called a corresponding fracture ！！！！ 1, Chaput fracture (or Tillaux-Chaput): an avulsion fracture of the lower tibiofibular anterior ligament at the beginning of the tibia. 2, Volkmann fracture: also called posterior ankle fracture, is an avulsion fracture of the posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament at the stop of the tibia, with and without involving the posterior ankle joint surface. 3. Wagstaffe fracture: (Le-Fort fracture): an avulsion fracture of the lower tibiofibular anterior ligament at the stop of the fibula. There are several other fractures in the ankle besides these special name fractures: 1. Maisonneuve fracture: tear of the inferior tibiofibular joint ligament, separation of the inferior tibiofibular joint, and a spiral fracture of the proximal fibula with the fracture line located at the fibular neck. 2, Cotton fracture: fracture of the posterior border of the distal tibial articular surface with posterior dislocation of the talus. 3.Dupuytren fracture: ankle fracture with separation of the lower tibiofibular joint is collectively referred to as this type of fracture. 4.Pott fracture: It is a fracture of the ankle with inversion deformity of the ankle. It is caused by multiple inversion violence. 1. Colles fracture: a distal flexor fracture with these characteristics: dorsal comminution, angulation to the dorsal side, extra-articular fracture with dorsal displacement and shortening of the flexor. 2.Smith fracture: Currently, this fracture is considered to be an extra-articular fracture in which the distal fracture block of the distal flexor bone and the carpal bone are displaced together to the palmar side. It is also called anti-Colles fracture. Barton fracture: A displaced, unstable and transarticular distal flexor fracture. It may be displaced either palmarly or dorsally. 4.Chauffeur fracture: A triangular fracture with articular surface formed by a shear fracture of the flexor stem impacted by the navicular bone. 5.Die-punch fracture: also called lunar load fracture or die-punch fracture, refers to a proximal compression fracture of the lunar counterpart of the flexor with a free articular surface fracture block that is not attached to the surrounding joint capsule. Segond fracture: This term, derived from the French surgeon Paul Ferdinand Segond, refers to an avulsion fracture of the lateral tibial plateau. The fracture itself does not require specific surgical treatment clinically, but the Segond fracture strongly suggests a rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament. The Segond fracture is located dorsal to the proximal tibial plateau and is attached to the central portion of the lateral joint capsule or the lateral meniscal tibial ligament. The mechanism of injury is internal rotation of the tibia in the flexed knee position, and this mechanism of injury includes rotation of the tibial epicondyle and forward subluxation, in which case the lateral joint capsule ligaments are injured. Segond fractures are often combined with anterior cruciate ligament rupture and are therefore used as strong evidence for the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament rupture.