Thyroid cysts are benign lesions with a low probability of malignancy, usually caused by reflex exposure in the organism, radiation exposure, or iodine deficiency or excess iodine. It is more common in women, especially in older patients, and its incidence increases with age. Patients with thyroid cysts are asymptomatic and are usually detected during physical examinations, but when they are large, they can be palpated by hand and can compress the trachea, causing the body to have difficulty in breathing and snoring. If there is bleeding in the thyroid cyst, it can lead to a sudden increase in pressure and size of the cyst, causing pain and discomfort in the neck. Asymptomatic thyroid cysts do not require special treatment and regular follow-up is sufficient. For those with more obvious pressure symptoms, the main treatment methods are partial excision and cyst aspiration. Thyroidectomy usually involves removal of the diseased thyroid gland, and the recurrence rate of cysts is significantly reduced after removal. Cystic fluid aspiration is the extraction of the cystic fluid from the cyst under the guidance of ultrasound. Alternatively, Chinese herbal medicine is used to treat the cyst by strengthening the spleen and permeating dampness, warming the yang and tonifying the kidneys, dispelling cold and removing dampness, moving qi and water, and activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Therefore, patients with thyroid cysts usually have no obvious clinical symptoms, and only the cysts will be palpated when they are more serious. Therefore, it is important to pay more attention to the examination of the thyroid gland during the usual medical checkups, so that any lesions can be diagnosed as early as possible and treated in a timely manner.