When it comes to amblyopia, no one is unfamiliar with it, but not much is known about it. Amblyopia can also be specifically divided into myopic amblyopia and hyperopic amblyopia, so what is the difference? Farsighted amblyopia refers to the phenomenon of amblyopia caused by farsightedness. Patients with farsighted amblyopia usually have underdeveloped eyes, shorter eye axes than normal children of the same age, and often suffer from a high degree of farsightedness (usually above 300 degrees) in addition to amblyopia; myopic amblyopia is the phenomenon of amblyopia caused by myopia. In addition to amblyopia, they often have a high degree of myopia (500 degrees or more). According to statistics, the current prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in China is 3.57%. Among them, nearly 60% of amblyopic children have hyperopia, which is hyperopic amblyopia, and nearly 20% of amblyopic children have myopia, which is nearsighted amblyopia. Most of the myopic amblyopia is accompanied by high myopia or astigmatism, which occurs in early childhood and affects visual development due to high myopia causing blurred vision and lack of visual stimulation. The following is a brief description of the differences between hyperopic amblyopia and myopic amblyopia. In terms of pathogenesis, although both hyperopic amblyopia and myopic amblyopia are amblyopia, myopic amblyopia generally occurs first with myopia and then triggers amblyopia. It is mostly bilateral and usually has equal or similar visual acuity in both eyes. This type of amblyopia occurs in younger children who are highly myopic but do not have timely access to glasses. It occurs when the child uses the eye for long periods of time at a very young age, resulting in overgrowth of the eye and lengthening of the eye axis, causing atrophy of the cells in the fundus or inhibition of function, which eventually leads to amblyopia. Patients with hyperopic amblyopia are usually farsighted first, which then triggers amblyopia. The development of hyperopic amblyopia is closely related to the development of the eye. The shape of the eye does not develop to a normal level in early childhood, the anterior and posterior diameters of the eye are somewhat smaller than those of normal children of the same age, and the refractive capacity is insufficient. Both myopic amblyopia and hyperopic amblyopia are refractive error amblyopia, and their treatment principles are similar. Patients need to insist on wearing glasses to allow the fundus cells to develop, but the difference is that hyperopic amblyopia can be accelerated by doing amblyopia training to improve the speed of vision, while myopic amblyopia patients should not do amblyopia training to prevent the further deepening of myopia, and can promote the development of the fundus cells by increasing the amount of eye nutrients to help the absorption of nutrients in the eye. It is important to note that compared to hyperopic amblyopia, myopic amblyopia is slower to improve vision and more difficult to rehabilitate, and it is important to prevent further myopia from deepening while treating amblyopia, so there are more issues to pay attention to as only vision improves gradually during treatment and myopia does not grow further. Therefore, both the amblyopic child and the parents should have enough patience, persistence and confidence. High myopia mostly causes moderate amblyopia, which is slightly less effective to treat. Severe amblyopia caused by partial high and super high myopia is a refractory amblyopia, and the treatment effect is even worse, which may be related to the following factors: children and adolescents grow older, the eye axis becomes longer, the myopia deepens every year, the higher the myopia, the more obvious the eye pathological changes, high myopia, especially super high myopia retinal and choroidal atrophy and thinning, these pathological changes not only cause difficulties in improving vision but also may These pathological changes not only make it difficult to improve visual acuity but may also cause vision loss, partially offsetting the effects of amblyopia treatment. Although myopic amblyopia is generally treated less effectively than hyperopic amblyopia, the relative clarity of near vision promotes the development of the fundus, so severe amblyopia is less common. In children, hyperopic eyes, especially highly hyperopic eyes, need to be adjusted to see far and near, which can easily lead to regulatory visual fatigue, so it is easy to cause severe amblyopia before correction, which is why the importance of routine vision screening for preschool children has been emphasized in recent years; as the eye axis grows with age, the degree of hyperopia decreases year by year, so early intervention is more effective.