Recently, myopic friends often call to ask about the “femtosecond laser”, and it so happens that the day before yesterday, at a gathering of friends, Minnie talked about a hospital entrance sign “femtosecond laser for myopia”. The friend was puzzled: not that the excimer laser treatment myopia? How did it become a femtosecond laser? The excimer laser has been eliminated? In fact, the real laser needed to correct myopia or excimer laser, excimer laser myopia correction surgery is currently one of the safest and most effective ways to treat myopia. Excimer laser is a gas pulse laser, it is a wavelength of 193nm far ultraviolet light wave, and corneal tissue photochemical effect rather than thermal effect, each laser pulse can cut 0.2-0.25μm thickness of corneal tissue, can accurately ablate the part of the human eye cornea is expected to remove without damaging the surrounding tissue and other tissue organs. The excimer laser beam is precisely controlled by computer to flatten the front surface of the eye slightly and reshape the curvature of the cornea with the beam so that external light can be accurately converged and imaged in the fundus of the eye for the purpose of correcting myopia. Excimer laser LASIK and LASEK surgery are currently the world’s most established methods for correcting myopia and astigmatism. LASIK, also known as excimer laser in situ keratomileusis, begins with a 110-130 μm thick tipped flap created with a micro lamellar keratome, then the flap is lifted to expose the corneal stroma, followed by precise grinding of a portion of the corneal stroma with an excimer laser, and finally the flap is reset. LASEK, also known as excimer laser epithelial subflap keratomileusis, is performed by infiltrating the corneal epithelium with an appropriate concentration of ethanol and then creating and preserving an intact corneal epithelial flap, lifting the flap and performing excimer laser cutting on the anterior elastic layer of the cornea according to the designed myopia. After cutting, the epithelial flap is reset and a special protective contact lens is worn, which is removed after the corneal epithelium has regenerated and healed, and the preoperative corrected visual acuity is generally achieved within 2 days after surgery. LASEK is a superficial corneal cutting procedure, which is one of the directions of excimer laser surgery, and this new technology requires high surgical skills and has the advantage of being very safe. It has the advantage of being very safe and more resistant to strenuous sports and external forces than LASIK surgery. It may be a better choice for practitioners who are in the military, athletes, and other high-impact, confrontational practitioners. Femtosecond laser surgery is an infrared laser that operates in pulses to create a corneal flap, compared to traditional LASIK. In contrast to traditional LASIK, the laser is used to replace the current mainstream use of micro lamellar keratome with a femtosecond laser, and excimer laser cutting is required for myopia correction after the flap is made. Therefore, two types of laser devices are needed to treat myopia, namely the femtosecond laser device and the excimer laser device. Femtosecond laser surgery is the future direction of LASIK surgery, it is not affected by corneal curvature and can create a very precise thickness of corneal flap, so it is more expensive. Femtosecond laser LASIK surgery is different from LASEK surgery, which has been developing in China in the last 2 years, and the experience and technology should be improved day by day, so it should be treated rationally. Whether it is a femtosecond laser or a micro lamellar keratome to create a corneal flap, postoperative patients should pay attention to eye protection to avoid accidental violence to the eye affecting the corneal flap. In conclusion, the primary goal of excimer laser myopia correction surgery is to improve naked eye vision and remove the myopic patient’s dependence on glasses. A detailed pre-surgical examination of the refractive surgery, including a comprehensive examination of naked eye vision, visual acuity with lenses, ophthalmic slit lamp examination, primary eye, medical optometry, contrast sensitivity, intraocular pressure, eye axis, corneal endothelium, corneal thickness measurement, rapid astigmatism, wavefront aberration, and fundus triangulum, is required nearly half a day before surgery. Strict preoperative examination and evaluation, reasonable surgical design, standardized operation procedures and postoperative medication, and a comprehensive follow-up system are important guarantees for high-quality surgical outcomes. As long as the surgeon has comprehensive and good communication with the myopic patient before surgery, the surgery is carefully operated without any negligence, and with the mutual cooperation of the patient, the occurrence of adverse complications can be completely avoided.