Chronic colitis does not necessarily develop into malignant cancer, so there is no specific time standard. The occurrence of cancer in chronic colitis is closely related to its pathological stage, treatment measures and other factors. Chronic colitis is a condition in which there is chronic inflammation of the colon tissue. The main typical symptoms are persistent abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stools and mucus stools. Some patients with acute attacks may even have fever, shortness of breath, and fecal incontinence. Chronic colitis is a recurrent disease, and it is not uncommon to have localized attacks to involve the entire colon. Although the majority of patients can be treated with standardized treatment, the adverse symptom response can be improved with rapid remission. However, patients still need regular colonoscopy to prevent chronic inflammation from evolving into atypical proliferative tissue, which increases their risk of developing cancer. In clinical practice, patients with chronic colitis can be treated symptomatically through medical as well as surgical treatment. Internal treatment mainly refers to the use of anti-infective drugs, anticholinergic drugs, intestinal flora regulating drugs and other types of drugs, such as ciprofloxacin, probenecid, bifidobacteria live preparations, etc. Surgical treatment is suitable for cases with poor medical treatment. Common types of surgery include partial colectomy, total colectomy, ileorectal anastomosis, etc. Patients with chronic colitis must adhere to treatment, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, and maintain a light diet to help alleviate the adverse symptoms and reduce the recurrence rate.