I. What are the risk factors for coronary heart disease? Non-intervention: age, gender, family history; Can intervene: hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, abdominal obesity, lack of exercise, low intake of vegetables and fruits, stress and anxiety, heavy alcohol consumption. Second, how to carry out the primary prevention of coronary heart disease Primary prevention refers to the prevention of the susceptibility factors of coronary heart disease that people without clear coronary heart disease have to avoid the occurrence of atherosclerosis. The main measures for primary prevention of coronary heart disease are: 1. Non-pharmacological treatment: (1) Lifestyle changes: reasonable diet, moderate exercise, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction, psychological balance. People of all nationalities around the world are called upon to declare war on poor lifestyles and behaviors, and to establish reasonable lifestyles. Lifestyle interventions can reduce the risk of stroke by 55% in women and coronary heart disease by 27% in men, and Professor Hu Dayi has proposed “no smoking, keep your mouth shut and your legs open”. (2) Rational diet Low cholesterol diet. Especially the intake of soluble fiber can significantly reduce cholesterol, such as oats, fruits, vegetables, etc. Low-fat diet with restricted calories. Because high-calorie diet can make people obese, especially central obesity, the incidence of coronary heart disease increases in overweight patients. Limiting sodium intake is very important for hypertension prevention. Eat foods rich in antioxidants. Epidemiological studies have shown that the risk of coronary heart disease is negatively associated with vitamin E and beta carotene intake. These foods, such as vegetables, are a major source of antioxidants in the diet and include: olive oil, tomatoes, carrots and other vegetables as well as whole grains, onions and tea, which are beneficial. Adequate dietary intake of other nutrients such as vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and folic acid. When the intake of these nutrients is insufficient, it can increase plasma homocysteine levels and promote atherosclerosis. Reasonable diet with low fat, low calorie, daily ration of fruits and vegetables dietary standards can be used as a basic measure to prevent coronary heart disease. (3) Quit smoking, there are more than 4,000 chemical components in tobacco, mainly nicotine, which can directly damage the intima of blood vessels and promote coronary atherosclerosis. (4) adhere to regular physical exercise, lack of physical activity (exercise) is the cause of increased risk of coronary heart disease. There is sufficient epidemiological evidence that physical activity can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Planned exercise and aerobic exercise are recommended for inactive people: such as walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, aerobics, rowing, boxing, etc. (5) Psychological balance, prevention of mental tension and removal of psychological disorders and the adverse effects of social factors. More and more literature confirms that certain psychological factors are related to the increased incidence of coronary heart disease, such as stress, lack of social support, depression and socio-economic status play the most significant role. (1) Aspirin is the first-line drug for the prevention of coronary heart disease. One aspirin daily reduces myocardial infarction by 1 case for every 3 cases and stroke by 1 case for every 4 cases. (2) Lipid regulation: for every 1 mmol/l decrease in LDL-C, the risk of coronary heart disease decreases by 20% and the risk of stroke decreases by 20%. (3) Control hypertension. Hypertension is an independent risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease, especially for those who have a family history of hypertension. Patients with hypertension should eat a light diet, prevent excessive salt, eat more vegetables, beans and other foods containing high potassium and calcium, avoid alcohol and obesity, and exercise properly to keep their spirits happy. In the selection of drugs to lower blood pressure, pay attention to the control of other risk factors such as high blood lipids, high blood sugar, etc., so that you can receive the best effect on the prevention and treatment of hypertension, not only to bring blood pressure down to normal, but also to reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease. (4) Control blood sugar. For every 1% decrease in glycosylated hemoglobin, the risk of heart attack decreases by 14% and the risk of stroke decreases by 12%.