The development and progression of chronic hepatitis B is the result of the interaction and struggle between the body’s immune system and the virus. Interferon has a dual mechanism of action – immunomodulatory and direct antiviral effects, and enhancing the body’s antiviral immunity is the main mechanism of action, which is very conducive to achieving the goal of durable immune control. However, there is great heterogeneity among individuals, with different disease characteristics and treatment response varying from patient to patient. In addition, the effectiveness of treatment is influenced by many other factors, such as economic level, doctor-patient communication, and patient compliance, so individualized treatment plans are implemented for each patient’s specific situation to maximize the benefits for each patient. The first step of individualized treatment is to assess the patient’s baseline status and measure treatment needs and treatment strategies. The second step of individualized treatment: assess the patient’s treatment response and determine treatment outcome.