The main causes of foot drop and foot deformity are muscular disease and peripheral neuropathy, which severely affect the patient’s walking. Muscle MRI examination can reveal muscle atrophy and steatosis in the posterior or anterior calf. Muscle steatosis in the posterior calf leads to unstable standing, while muscle steatosis in the anterior calf leads to inability to lift the toes of the foot. Muscle damage due to peripheral neuropathy often results in muscle atrophy and steatosis in both the anterior and posterior calves. Muscle disease is selective in the calf muscles, with some damage predominantly in the anterior calf and some in the posterior calf, and damage to these muscles results in difficulty lifting the toe and stepping down. We all expect that new drugs will be invented to enable conservative pharmacological treatment of various muscle diseases and peripheral neuropathies, and pharmacological treatment is also the preferred method for various diseases, but the advanced stages of neuromuscular diseases lead to severe steatosis of the muscles, which is an untreatable sequelae change, and the current pharmacological treatment only delays the development of muscle damage, and there are no drugs that can turn fat into muscle again. The only treatment for irreversible sequelae is surgical treatment to maintain the function of the foot. Since the muscles at the front or back of the calf are responsible for the movement of the ankle joint, orthopedic specialists can adopt ankle surgery methods to fix the joint and adopt the mechanical principle to replace the function of the muscles at the front or back of the calf, and in single nerve damage or distal muscular disease can also adopt tendon transposition to improve the function of the foot. According to Prof. Xuedong Shi of the Department of Orthopedics, these procedures are very technical and require adjusting the foot posture in an optimal state, adopting internal or external fixation methods, and the surgery usually requires 1-2 weeks of hospitalization and a period of adjustment after the surgery. We have observed very significant improvements in such patients’ walking after surgery, with almost a return to normal walking and daily life and work. Not all patients with foot drop require surgical treatment and need to be evaluated for function first. The types of diseases suitable for surgery include various hereditary motor sensory neuropathies (including 55 diseases), distal myopathies (including 20 diseases), recessive spina bifida foot drop, collagen VI disease, selenopathies, lamininopathies, hereditary distal joint contractures (including 10 diseases), where the patient has relatively good proximal muscle strength, distal muscle strength is grade 0, muscle MRI basically fails to develop anterior or posterior calf Presence of muscle, muscle becomes fat and cannot be treated by other methods.