Patients with brainstem infarction and coma have two conditions: First, due to severe edema during the acute phase of brainstem infarction, which affects the upward reticular activation system of the brainstem, patients can appear coma. For the above-mentioned situation, if the patient is given active dehydration and reduction of intracranial pressure during the acute stage, the function of the patient’s upward reticular activation system can be restored to some extent, and after active treatment, some patients with brainstem infarction can be awake. Second, brainstem infarction and coma can also be seen in the infarction in the covered part of the superior reticular activating system, and the patient becomes comatose. In this case, the chances of the patient being awake are relatively small, although after active treatment. Brainstem infarction is a clinically severe infarction, and in cases of large infarcts and severe edema, the patient may suffer sudden and life-threatening respiratory and cardiac arrest. For brainstem infarction, active treatment should be given to the patient after determining the cause to avoid danger.