Chronic suppurative otitis media often has intermittent pus flow due to tympanic membrane perforation, and cholesteatoma otitis media is also prone to secondary infection and pus flow after open mastoid surgery, which requires local antibiotic treatment. It is due to these changes in the local environment that there is a possibility of secondary mycobacterial infection. 1. Diagnostic methods ① Symptoms: ear itching, ear stuffiness, tinnitus and ear pus. Some patients have no obvious symptoms and are only found at the time of consultation. ②Otoscopic examination: grayish white or black mold moss can be seen in the external ear canal or mastoid cavity. (③Most patients have chronic otitis media, tympanic membrane perforation or history of mastoid surgery. (2) Treatment methods (1) Local medication: Apply suction device to remove pus, pus lumps or (and) scabs from the external ear canal or mastoid cavity as much as possible, clean the external ear canal and mastoid cavity with sterilized cotton swabs, and then give local antifungal medication via the external ear canal. In case of severe ear itching, wipe with boric acid ear drops. (2) Take oral medication if necessary. (2) Keep the external auditory canal dry and hygienic: hot and humid, poor ventilation is an important reason for the growth of mold in the external auditory canal. Therefore, tympanic membrane repair should be performed as soon as possible after external ear canal mycobacteria are controlled. Follow up regularly after the operation.