General anesthesia is essential to ensure the successful performance of cardiac surgery. Commonly used general anesthesia is a combination of applied airway inhalation anesthesia and intravenous anesthesia, with different depths of anesthesia adjusted and maintained as needed during the procedure. Most of the anesthetics are central depressants, which can keep the patient quietly asleep, eliminate memory, dull stress response, loss of consciousness, and some have analgesic effects. There is also a certain effect on heartbeat, blood pressure and respiration. At present, the concentration and effect of the anesthetics used are easily controlled in the body and are excreted from the body soon after discontinuation. According to the experience of many clinical applications, no effect on the patient’s intelligence has been found after general anesthesia. Extracorporeal cardiac surgery is an extremely complex process, and relatively speaking, its effect on the center is greater than that on the heart. Brain tissue metabolism is very vigorous, and the oxygen consumption of the brain during childhood accounts for more than 50% of the oxygen consumption of the whole body, and the section of abnormal neuropsychiatric aspects caused by extracorporeal circulation occupies a certain proportion, but most of them are transient and will soon return to normal. Extracorporeal circulation is safe and reliable.