Large-vessel disease is a very aggressive group of diseases with rapid onset, rapid progression, and a high mortality rate. The large blood vessels mentioned here mainly refer to the aorta – the main artery of the human body. From the appearance, it is the thickest blood vessel; from the function, the blood supply of all tissues and organs of the human body comes from it. Blood supply is the foundation of life, so its importance to the human body is self-evident. With the aging of our population, the incidence of atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and hypertension is getting higher and higher, and the corresponding vascular diseases are becoming more and more frequent, seriously threatening people’s health. Therefore the prevention and treatment of such diseases are also getting more and more attention. Aortic surgery is technically difficult and is a reflection of the comprehensive technical strength of a hospital’s cardiac surgery department. The main aortic diseases are: aortic coarctation, aortic aneurysm, congenital aortic malformation and aortitis. The first two are the most common. The highest incidence in China is aortic coarctation, which mostly occurs in the prime of life, and its main cause is high blood pressure. Most of the aortic coarctation has a rapid onset, the mortality rate is very high within 48h after the onset of the disease, in which the mortality rate of proximal aortic coarctation is about 50%, and quite a number of patients die before they can get medical treatment, so we must be vigilant against this kind of disease. If you experience symptoms such as sharp, tearing pain in the chest and back, you should go to the hospital immediately for examination. Aortic aneurysms occur mainly in older patients because of degenerative changes in the blood vessel wall, atherosclerosis, etc., the lumen loses its elasticity and gradually expands under pressure to form an aneurysm. The larger the aneurysm, the greater the risk of rupture. Moreover, blood clots are easily formed inside the aneurysm, and the dislodgement of blood clots can lead to embolism and necrosis of various tissues and organs. Currently, objective examinations for large vessel disease include MRI, CT, and ultrasound. Magnetic resonance has the highest accuracy, but the examination time is long; CT examination, especially CT imaging, has high accuracy and short examination time, which is the most commonly used examination method at present; color ultrasound examination is convenient and fast, and dynamic observation can be carried out at any time. Once diagnosed, active treatment measures should be taken, first of all, blood pressure should be controlled, and then according to the location and degree of the lesion to take the corresponding repair surgery. At present, there are two main types of repair treatments for large vessel disease: surgery and endovascular stenting. Generally speaking, whether it is aortic coarctation or aneurysm, the lesion site in the descending aorta, can be considered for endovascular stenting; lesions in the ascending aorta and the arch and not suitable for endovascular stenting of the patient, can be considered for surgical procedures. Endovascular repair is to use a metal stent to plug the breach or reinforce the arterial wall, the operation is less traumatic and less risky, this technique has been successfully carried out in our hospital for hundreds of cases, and the efficacy of the treatment is exact. Surgery is to replace the diseased blood vessel with artificial blood vessel, which is highly traumatic, difficult and risky, but the treatment is more thorough. Surgery includes the following surgical methods: i. Root replacement: Bentall’s operation, David’s operation, Cabrol’s operation, homologous aortic replacement with valves; ii. Ascending aortic replacement; iii. Bow replacement with Elephant Trunk operation: Elephanttrunk; iv. Thoracic aortic replacement; v. Abdominal aortic replacement; vi, Aortic coarctation endarterectomy. The most common congenital aortic malformation is aortic constriction, aortic constriction in all types of congenital heart disease accounted for about 5-8%. The vast majority (more than 95%) of aortic constriction lesions are located in the distal aortic arch at the junction with the thoracic descending aorta, i.e., the isthmus of the aorta, adjacent to the ductus arteriosus or arterial ligamentous area. The treatment of aortic constriction aims to remove the narrowed segment, re-establish the normal blood flow channel of the aorta, and restore the blood pressure and circulatory function to normal. Surgical methods mainly include resection of the narrowed segment of the aorta and anastomosis of the proximal and distal aorta or artificial blood vessel replacement, artificial blood vessel bypass grafting, and anastomosis of the descending aorta of the subclavian artery. The director was awarded the “Lillehei Elite Award” sponsored by the Chinese Medical Association to go to the Cleveland Heart Center in the United States to learn the techniques of great vessel surgery. After returning to the United States, with the help and cooperation of the hospital leadership and other departments, he successfully performed a series of major vascular surgeries such as ascending aortic replacement, ascending aortic valve prosthesis replacement (Bental surgery), aortic root replacement with valve preservation (David surgery), aortic arch replacement with elephant trunk surgery, aortic resection of aortic narrowing segments and anastomosis of proximal and distal aorta, etc., and achieved good results. This demonstrates our expertise in thoracic macrovascular surgery. This shows that our department has reached the domestic leading level in the technical level and efficacy of thoracic large vessel surgery. Combined with the already mature endoluminal peritoneal stenting intervention for large arteries, it marks the successful establishment of a green channel for the diagnosis and treatment of large-vessel diseases in our hospital, which will provide more patients with large-vessel diseases with first-rate, high-efficiency and safe diagnosis and treatment services!