Cough is one of the most common respiratory symptoms. Cough without phlegm can be treated with cough suppressants, and if it is caused by allergies you can also take anti-allergy medications, etc. Coughing is a self-protective mechanism to clear the airways of external substances or mucus and secretions. Cough is mainly a clinical symptom caused by physical or chemical irritation of the throat, trachea, and lungs. The main causes of cough can be related to infections, mental factors, food, climate change, exercise, use of some medications, etc. It is also important to note that inhalation of foreign bodies in the trachea can also cause cough. As cough is a non-specific symptom of many diseases, the primary disease varies and manifests itself in different forms. Accompanying symptoms may include fever, chest pain, sneezing, runny nose, shortness of breath, etc. Based on the medical history, a general examination with the help of some special tests such as CT of the chest, pulmonary function tests, ECG, etc. is needed to confirm the diagnosis of the disease that triggered the cough. Dry cough is a cough without sputum or with very little sputum. The main causes are early tuberculosis, pleurisy, pharyngitis, bronchitis, allergic rhinitis, etc. In short, a cough without sputum should be analyzed on a case-by-case basis and can be treated with methadol, pentoxifylline, etc. More importantly, treatment should be directed at the cause in order to effectively stop the cough.