What is the cause of recurrent coughing in children that parents are very worried about? Coughing is an important defensive response to irritation of the whistle, and healthy adults and children cough consciously or unconsciously several times a day. Acute coughs are usually caused by an upper whistle infection, pneumonia, or other whistle disease, and most coughs resolve within 3 weeks. A cough that lasts for more than 3 weeks is considered chronic. Causes include cough variant asthma, gastroesophageal reflux, chronic whistle infections, and upper airway cough syndrome. The clinical causes of chronic cough in children are many and complex, especially in children with chronic cough without abnormalities on chest radiography and lung auscultation, chronic upper airway cough syndrome, cough variant asthma, and gastroesophageal reflux are the most common causes of chronic cough. It is mainly associated with adenoid hypertrophy and rhinosinusitis in children, with cough as the main symptom, often accompanied by postnasal drip syndrome (caused by the backflow of nasal mucus into the pharyngeal airway). Let’s learn more about these causes together. 1. Allergic rhinitis Allergic rhinitis is commonly associated with sneezing, nasal itching and runny nose, often in combination with asthma. Research data shows that 40% of allergic rhinitis patients (especially children) have combined asthma, and 80% of children with asthma have combined allergic rhinitis, medically known as “one airway, one disease”. Studies have shown that allergic rhinitis in children is a risk factor for the development of asthma. In patients with allergic rhinitis combined with asthma, the treatment of allergic rhinitis is significant in improving asthma symptoms and reducing acute attacks of asthma. 2, sinusitis Sinusitis will have symptoms of nasal congestion and runny nose, children have not formed the habit of blowing their noses, mucous pus nasal mucus is easy to back up the throat, stimulating the throat and lower inspiratory tract caused by cough. The chronic sinusitis is accompanied by inflammatory lesions in the lower whistle, such as recurrent bronchitis, bronchial asthma, etc., can be called sinus bronchial syndrome. 3, adenoid hypertrophy adenoid hypertrophy blocking the nasopharynx, secretions tend to flow down to stimulate the mucous membrane of the whistle, causing pharyngeal discomfort, cough. And adenoid hypertrophy causes sleep snoring, long-term open mouth whistling, resulting in dry and itchy pharynx, will also cause cough. Adenoid hypertrophy causes sleep snoring and open mouth whistling, long-term, but also affect the growth and development of children, academic performance and facial changes, parents should pay attention to. 4, chronic tonsillitis Tonsillitis repeatedly or due to poor drainage of the tonsil crypt, the fossa bacteria, viruses breeding infection and become chronic inflammation. There can be symptoms such as dryness and itching of the pharynx, foreign body sensation and irritating cough. 5. Pharyngeal reflux As the understanding and research of the disease deepen, it is found that more and more throat symptoms are associated with reflux disease. Due to the immature functional development of the lower esophageal sphincter in children, stomach contents tend to reflux into the esophagus and even the oropharynx, but when the frequency and duration of reflux increase to a certain degree, it will lead to repeated coughing. In addition, a variety of otorhinolaryngological diseases can cause coughing, such as acute and chronic laryngitis and laryngotracheobronchial foreign bodies. Chronic cough is not always due to bronchial or pulmonary diseases. Therefore, children with chronic cough as the main symptom should be actively checked for otorhinolaryngologic diseases so that early intervention can be given to cure the chronic cough and allow the child to have a healthy and happy childhood.