In the 5 years since 2002, we have treated 200 cases of benign and precancerous vocal fold lesions, including vocal fold nodules, vocal fold polyps, and moderate to severe atypical hyperplasia in the vocal folds with low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation under supported laryngoscopy, with good results in the postoperative follow-up observation for 1~5 years, and we report the treatment experience as follows. 1. Clinical data Among 200 patients, 136 were male and 64 were female, aged 35-60 years. There were 122 cases unilaterally and 78 cases bilaterally. There were 76 cases of vocal fold nodules, 118 cases of vocal fold polyps, and 6 cases of moderate to severe atypical hyperplasia of the vocal folds. All patients came to the hospital with hoarseness as the main complaint, and were examined by fiberoptic laryngoscopy before surgery, and the biopsy pathology reports were all benign lesions or precancerous lesions. 2.Treatment method The surgery was performed under local anesthesia using the American Dornier plasma treatment machine. Patients were placed in supine position with pillows under the shoulders, and the laryngoscope was placed after general anesthesia was stabilized to expose the surgical field. In the case of vocal fold polyps, a monopolar tip was used to cut down along the tip, and the residual lesion was coagulated and destroyed with a bipolar tip in the case of extensive basal lesions; in the case of small vocal fold nodules, a bipolar tip was used to destroy them until the root was slightly below the level of the vocal fold mucosa; in the case of moderate to severe atypical hyperplasia, a bipolar tip was used to destroy the surface lesion tissue to make it coagulate and necrotic. After the operation, the patient was asked to abstain from sound for 1 week and given appropriate amount of glucocorticoids to reduce vocal fold edema and antibiotics to prevent infection. 3, results 1 month after surgery, fiberoptic laryngoscopy, all patients vocal fold surgical wound flat and smooth, no tissue residue or scar formation, voice generally in 1-3 months back to normal. Except for one patient with postoperative pathological diagnosis of severe atypical hyperplasia who developed into highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx after 3 months, the rest of the patients were followed up for 1-5 years without recurrence. 4.Discussion Low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation mainly uses radiofrequency electromagnetic waves to produce strong endogenous thermal effects on tissue cells at the lesion, and uses lower temperature (<70℃) to coagulate tissue proteins and occlude blood vessels at the affected area through thrombus formation, and then the lesion atrophies and hardens, flattens, necroses and falls off, or is directly and precisely excised. The treatment is precise, without bleeding and without the risk of postoperative asphyxia. All the cases in this group had good postoperative recovery of the trauma and normal voice, which shows that this method is effective in treating benign lesions of the vocal folds. One case in this group was diagnosed as severe atypical hyperplasia after surgery and developed into highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx 3 months later, so these patients should be closely followed up after surgery for early detection of cancer.