Perianal abscess is an abscess formed in the soft tissue of the perianal rectum due to acute and chronic purulent infection. It belongs to the category of anal canker sores in Chinese medicine. Most perianal abscesses originate from obstruction of the anal gland ducts with bacterial colonization and abscess formation. The common symptoms are: a small hard lump or mass around the anus, followed by pain, redness, swelling, fever, discomfort, restlessness, sleeplessness, constipation, poor urination, urgency, and other rectal irritation symptoms, as well as general malaise, mental fatigue, increased body temperature, loss of appetite, chills and high fever, and other symptoms of systemic toxicity. After the formation of abscess, the swelling can be felt around the anus, the local redness and swelling of the anus is high, painful to touch, and the skin temperature rises. However, the pus-ridden wound does not heal easily or recurs after temporary healing, and if it does not heal over time, it becomes an anal fistula. In some patients, the abscess may spread, the lesion may increase in scope, and even affect the peritoneal tissue, resulting in signs of peritonitis or sepsis caused by bacteria in the blood, which may endanger life.