The full name of this disease is perianorectal abscess, which is an acute purulent infectious disease occurring around the anus and rectum, and is called “anal canker sore” in Chinese medicine. The clinical onset is rapid, fast changing and painful, and in serious cases, the spread of infection can cause death, so it should be given sufficient attention. Causes: Decline in physical fitness due to various reasons, such as overexertion, prolonged sleepless nights, long distance travel, excessive drinking, excessive consumption of seafood, leukemia, etc. Once the disease occurs, there is no possibility of self-healing. Even if a large number of antibiotics are used, the disease can only be controlled temporarily or it does not work at all. Why? We know that most infections on the human body surface are skin-derived infections and can be cured by appropriate anti-infection treatment. But perianal abscess is an infection of intestinal origin, in which bacteria enter the perianal area from the intestine and cause infection, so if we just fight the infection without solving the source of infection, of course, it cannot be cured. The timing of surgery: surgery is the only way to cure this disease, and the earlier the surgery is performed, the better, otherwise the infection will expand, making it more difficult to treat or secondary to a more serious anal fistula. Key to surgery: There are three keys to surgery for perianal abscess: 1. There are currently two views on surgery for perianal abscess, primary surgery and secondary surgery. As the source of infection of the perianal abscess (internal mouth) is not obvious, it is inevitable that the wrong location will be set during surgery, resulting in recurrence after surgery, so clinically many doctors simply make a local incision to drain the abscess first, and then perform the second surgery after the abscess has completely evolved into an anal fistula. This is a good way to improve the success rate, but it increases the pain and cost of the patient. 2, whether the disease is a single or split surgery, the positioning of the internal opening is always the most critical issue, and only accurate positioning can avoid recurrence. 3. For large and high abscesses, how to protect the rectal ring and the appearance of the anus during surgery is also the key to surgery, and never to cure the “deaf” into the “blind”. Our method: 1. One-stage radical surgery is used for all perianal abscesses. Our main contribution is that we have accumulated a set of methods for locating the internal orifice of perianal abscesses in the acute stage, and we can quickly and accurately locate the internal orifice for different parts of abscesses. The internal orifice is the source of infection of the disease and the key to the success of treatment. So we can still have a radical cure rate that exceeds that of the previous secondary surgery despite the use of stage I surgery. 2.For the treatment of large-scale full (half) horseshoe abscess, we adopt the method of separate incision of the internal opening and abscess cavity plus hose drainage, which avoids the old method of severe damage to the appearance and function of the anus caused by opening the abscess cavity completely. 3.For the treatment of high abscesses, instead of using the thread therapy which is commonly used in China at present with great pain, long treatment course and heavy scar ditch, the same decomposed surgical method, i.e. low incision and high hose drainage method, is used to cure high abscesses in different parts without damaging the anorectal ring.