Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women in the world today. In China, the incidence of breast cancer is also increasing year by year, and it has become the malignant tumor with the highest incidence in urban women, which seriously threatens women’s lives. The goal of breast-conserving treatment is to achieve the same survival rate as radical surgery and to obtain good quality of life and cosmetic results through breast-conserving surgery and postoperative comprehensive treatment. In some developed countries in the West, breast-conserving surgery has become an increasingly popular option. In Europe and the United States, the proportion of breast cancer patients who undergo breast-conserving surgery is over 50%; in Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong, the proportion of breast-conserving surgery is about 35% to 40%; in Singapore, the proportion of breast-conserving surgery is about 70%. However, in mainland China, the proportion of breast-conserving surgery is still very low, and the main reasons for this are: 1. late detection of the disease: the medical examination system is not perfect, and breast cancer is detected at a late stage. 2. Breast-conserving surgery usually requires radiation therapy and close follow-up, which is more expensive. Some physicians in remote areas do not know enough about breast-conserving surgery, or hospitals do not have radiotherapy equipment, etc. Lack of scientific education: Many patients do not know enough about breast cancer, and more of them mistakenly believe that breast-conserving surgery is “beauty without life”. In the past 30 years, a large number of clinical group studies have confirmed that there is no difference in the recurrence rate and survival rate of breast-conserving surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy for early-stage breast cancer compared with traditional radical surgery, and the quality of life is higher. With the development of diagnostic techniques and the increase of early-stage patients, breast-conserving surgery has become one of the important modalities in the surgical treatment of breast cancer.