Rectal tumors include benign and malignant tumors, rectal tumors 5cm are likely to be benign and commonly seen as benign rectal adenomas. Rectal tumor 5cm may be benign, the most common benign rectal tumor is rectal adenoma, which is pathologically classified as choriocapillary adenoma, tubular adenoma, and choriocapillary tubular adenoma, adenoma is usually asymptomatic, and is mainly treated by regular review, endoscopic resection or surgical excision. However, rectal tumor 5cm may also be malignant rectal cancer, which occurs on the surface of rectal mucosa and will seriously endanger human health. There are mainly rectal irritation symptoms, cancer rupture and bleeding symptoms as well as intestinal stenosis symptoms, which need timely treatment. The main treatments for rectal cancer include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy (e.g. 5-FU, vincristine, etc.). Rectal tumors cannot be identified as benign or malignant only based on the size of the tumor, so it is necessary to go to the hospital in time to do pathological examination for further judgment and active treatment.