When a ventricular septal defect is found in an infant’s heart, the first thing to look for is the location of the defect and its size. If the defect is located under the aortic trunk, near the aortic valve or near the apex of the ventricular septum, the patient should be advised to undergo surgical treatment as soon as possible, as it is almost impossible for the patient to heal on its own. For perimembranous ventricular septal defects, some patients can heal on their own, for example, patients with defects <4 mm should be actively observed and then surgical or interventional closure is possible after one or three years of age if they do not heal. However, if the perimembranous septal defect is relatively large, such as a defect of 1 cm or more, there is almost no possibility of self-healing, so it is recommended that patients should undergo surgery or interventional occlusion as soon as they can afford it to prevent severe pulmonary hypertension.