Patient: The echocardiogram at six days old revealed a ventricular septal defect of 0.21cm. In this case, should we continue to observe and check regularly, or do we need surgery? If so, when is the right time to operate? Doctor: We need to know the location of the ventricular septal defect. If it is in the perimembranous area, a 2mm septal defect can be monitored and reviewed regularly. Surgery is not necessary at this time, and there is a possibility of healing before the age of 1 year.