Lumbar spondylolisthesis surgery includes lumbar spondylolisthesis resurfacing, vertebral body fusion surgery, nerve decompression surgery, enlargement plasty, etc. In this paper, we take lumbar spondylolisthesis resurfacing and vertebral body fusion surgery as an example, and the whole process is as follows: 1. Lumbar vertebral slip resurfacing: after the patient is satisfied with the anesthesia, the patient is placed in the prone position, and an incision of about 10-12 cm is made in the middle of the spinal column with the slipped segment as the center, and the subcutaneous tissues, such as the skin and the superficial fascia are incised in turn, exposing the slipped segment, loosening the soft tissues, freeing the nerves, and resurfacing the slipped segment. Internal fixation was applied to the vertebral body of the slipped segment and the upper and lower vertebral bodies, and the operation was completed with C-arm fluoroscopy, satisfactory repositioning and internal fixation, and layer-by-layer suturing. 2. Vertebral body fusion surgery: after successful anesthesia, the patient was placed in the prone position, and a median incision of about 10-12 cm was made in the spine centered on the slipped segment, subcutaneous tissues were incised to the vertebral body in turn, and the lamina was excised to decompress the vertebral body, and the pedicles of the upper and lower vertebral bodies were fixed by screws, and the intervertebral discs of slipped vertebral bodies were removed, and the cage was implanted in the intervertebral space, and the connecting rods were mounted to reset the slipped vertebral bodies by the traction of the internal fixation, which was satisfactory under the C-arm fluoroscopy, and the surgery was finished. C-arm fluoroscopy was satisfactory, and the operation was completed.