Hammertoes are caused by contractures and deformities of the toe joints. Painful corns form on the dorsal side of the deformed back toe, which is a thickening of the skin formed when the toe rubs against the shoe. Hard corns form when the skin is dry and soft corns often form between the toes when wet. All corns formed after a hammer toe deformity are caused by bony elevations. Localized skin thickening caused by friction and compression of shoes. Foot corns are similar to hand calluses in that they are thickened skin that resists friction and pressure. Hammertoes are usually caused by shoes. Spiked heels bind the toes, causing joint contractures and compression of the localized skin. Certain toes have joint contractures and muscle atrophy. Continued compression of the toe will cause a variety of complications. Over time, reversible hammertoes become refractory rigid hammertoes. Dislocation of the metatarsophalangeal joint occurs. Corns can break down and form skin ulcers that can lead to infection. Treatment includes shoe replacement, orthotic pad protection & surgery. The shoe should have sufficient room to accommodate the movement of the toes. To eliminate pressure on the toes, the upper is made of soft material. And the heel of the shoe should be less than 5cm. surgical treatment is also a better choice because such surgery has a good healing effect, rarely recurs, and the rest time after surgery is shorter, which has less impact on life.