Tuberculosis with pleural effusion is considered to be tuberculosis combined with tuberculous pleurisy, which forms a pleural effusion. Both tuberculosis and tuberculous pleurisy are caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, although the sites of infection are different. The lungs are infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and form tuberculosis, which further forms foci of infection in the pleura and causes tuberculous pleurisy, resulting in pleural effusion. Usually, after tuberculosis combined with tuberculous pleurisy, patients can develop symptoms such as fever, night sweats, weakness, shoulder pain, pain in the lower chest and quarter rib area, etc. As the amount of effusion increases, symptoms of dyspnea worsen, and in severe cases, patients can develop pulmonary atelectasis while symptoms of dyspnea further worsen. Pleural biopsy or pleural effusion in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be found or granuloma can be found can be diagnosed as tuberculous pleurisy. In addition, a test for pleural fluid adenosine deaminase greater than 45 U/L in the pleural fluid is also a basis for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy. If diagnosed, patients need to be treated with medication under the guidance of a professional doctor, such as common anti-tuberculosis drugs and glucocorticoids. In case of excessive fluid accumulation, the patient needs to drain the pleural fluid to relieve the symptoms of dyspnea. During treatment, patients need to be isolated and avoid contact with people to avoid infecting others.