Pain has a negative impact on the patient’s mood, sleep and interpersonal relationship.
There are many types of painkillers, and different painkillers have different pain-relieving effects, so they should not be taken indiscriminately or indiscriminately, or else they will not be able to bring out the best pain-relieving effects and may be dangerous to poisoning.
The types of pain can be roughly divided into two categories
Acute pain – pain that lasts for a relatively short period of time, usually less than 6 months. For example, pain after accidental trauma, surgery, etc.
Chronic pain – pain that lasts for a longer period of time, usually 6 months or more. Examples include terminal cancer, joint pain, nerve pain (including trigeminal neuralgia, snake birth, nerve damage due to diabetes, etc.). Now let us understand the classification of painkillers in detail.
There are two major categories of painkillers
Narcotic painkillers (these drugs can be divided into two types: weak and strong)
Weak narcotic painkillers, such as Dologesic, Codeine, Tramadol, Pethidine, etc.
Strong narcotic painkillers, such as Morphine (morphine), Methadon (methadone), Fentanyl (Duragesic Patch), also known as pain patches.
Effectiveness.
Pain relief function is strong, but also cough function. For example, many cough drops contain Codeine (codine).
The following side effects may be associated with the use of narcotic pain relievers.
vomiting and retching
constipation
Drowsiness
Long-term use may lead to drug dependence
In severe cases, it may lead to slowed breathing and decreased blood pressure, which can be fatal.
Note on taking narcotic painkillers.
Do not take with alcohol
Do not drive after taking it
Take with a full stomach to reduce stomach discomfort.
If necessary, use stool softeners (e.g. Docusate) to reduce constipation, and in case of acute constipation, use glycerin strips, Bisacodyl suppositories, etc. to help defecate.
Non-narcotic pain relievers (divided into beech and pellet)
Non-anti-inflammatory
Example: Paracetamol
Effect: It can treat headache, cold, muscle pain, fever, bone and joint pain, etc., but it does not have anti-inflammatory effect.
Adult dose: 1-2 capsules every 4-6 hours, no more than 8 capsules in 24 hours.
Side effects: Minimal, but excessive amounts can damage the liver, especially in alcoholics.
Anti-inflammatory (in three categories)
1. Traditional anti-inflammatory and painkillers
For example: Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Piroxicam.
This is a fast-acting painkiller, but it has side effects and may cause stomach discomfort. It should be taken after meals or with stomach medication. Patients with gastric ulcers should pay special attention and take them together with stomach medication or new generation non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as directed by their doctors.
Is it necessary to take painkillers together with stomach medicine? Should I take painkillers when it hurts or should I take them regularly? Should I tolerate the pain and not take the medication to relieve the pain? The following questions and answers can give you answers to these questions.
2. New generation of anti-inflammatory painkillers
For example: cyclic oxidation? -2 Inhibitor (COX-2 Inhibitor)
This is a targeted inhibitor of cyclic oxidation. 2, in order to achieve anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects, and the chance of harming the stomach is greatly reduced. However, long-term use may increase the chance of cardiovascular disease. 3.
3. aspirin (Aspirin)
Take aspirin, different doses have different effects.
Low dose – once a day, each time 80-300mg, with blood thinning effect, can prevent heart attacks and strokes.
High dose – 300-600mg every 4 to 6 hours, not more than 4000mg in 24 hours
It has anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects, but has more side effects such as nausea, dizziness, stomach injury, and serious internal bleeding, so it is not the first choice for painkillers.
Taking painkillers – questions and answers
Q: When taking painkillers, is it necessary to take them together with stomach medicine?
A: If you take aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers, it is not necessary to take them together with stomach medicine, but it is recommended to take them with a full stomach. If the patient is prone to gastrointestinal discomfort, he/she should take it together with the stomach medicine according to the doctor’s instruction. As for cyclo-oxygenation? -2 inhibitors and Paracetamol, they are less likely to harm the stomach and can be taken on an empty stomach or a full stomach.
Q: Who take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers, prone to gastric or duodenal ulcers?
A: 1. People over 75 years old
2. Those who have suffered from gastric or duodenal ulcers
3. People who often take high doses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers
4. People with gastrointestinal disease
5. People who take steroids or blood pills at the same time
Q: Should I take painkillers regularly or only when it hurts?
A: For long-term pain, such as rheumatism or cancer, it is recommended to take painkillers regularly, and to increase the dosage when needed, but only when directed by a doctor.
For short-term pain, you can take them when you feel the pain. Generally, oral painkillers take about half to one hour to take effect. If the pain persists, it is best to take the medication regularly, but do not exceed the maximum daily dose.
Q: Can topical painkillers replace oral painkillers?
A: No. Topical painkillers are not effective because the skin does not easily absorb the medication and the medication does not work well. Pain relief ointment can only make the patient a raw mint cold or hot pepper feeling, so as to reduce the pain.
Q: Are there alternative painkillers to relieve nerve pain?
A: Yes. Anti-inflammatory or narcotic painkillers are not very effective for this condition. Because nerve damage produces substances that inhibit the effectiveness of narcotic pain relievers, alternative pain relievers are needed, such as
1. Anti-seizure drugs, such as Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Neurontin.
2. Muscle relaxants, e.g. Baclofen
3. tricyclic antidepressants, e.g., Amitriptyline
Last but not least, it is the patient’s right to ask the doctor to prescribe pain medication to relieve the pain. Patients should tell their doctors if they are in pain and do not have to tolerate the pain, but they should not take them indiscriminately or indiscriminately!
Note
Pregnant women and children (under 12 years old) should not take aspirin. If aspirin is taken before, after or during a filtration virus infection, children may suffer from Raynaud’s syndrome and damage their organs.
Syndrome) and damage organs in the body, especially the liver and brain.