The incidence of congenital heart disease in China is 6‰ to 10‰, with an average of 8‰. During the development of the fetus in the mother’s body, especially the development of the heart is disturbed by various factors, and the development of the heart is stalled or malformed, resulting in various heart malformations. The etiology of congenital heart disease is not clear, so there is no definite method of prevention. Certain abnormalities during pregnancy, especially in early pregnancy, are associated with congenital heart disease. For example, certain viral infections in utero can lead to congenital malformations mostly associated with congenital heart disease, such as rubella virus syndrome. Therefore, it is important to prevent viral infections during pregnancy, especially in early pregnancy. If the mother is an alcoholic, the baby may suffer from alcoholism syndrome, which is often accompanied by ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, and tetralogy of Fallot. The use of certain drugs such as amphetamines, progesterones, estrogens, and anticonvulsants during pregnancy can also lead to cardiac malformations. Therefore, maternal health care during pregnancy should be taken seriously. Fetal echocardiography has been carried out in many obstetrics and gynecology hospitals, and all pregnant women should be treated with regular checkups, and the monitoring should be focused on pregnant women with the above risk factors during pregnancy, it should be noted that: from the current findings, congenital heart disease is not hereditary. If parents have had congenital heart disease or have had children with congenital heart disease, fetal echocardiography is advocated during further pregnancies, as these groups have a high propensity for congenital heart disease.