“Hypothyroidism, or hypothyroidism, is a common disorder of the endocrine system. However, it is often delayed due to atypical symptoms, resulting in serious complications and even life-threatening conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to identify some simple clinical features of hypothyroidism to avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment. The following are some simple general knowledge about hypothyroidism, hoping to help the majority of patients in early diagnosis and treatment and prevention. First, is there really no trace of hypothyroidism at all? How to detect the traces of hypothyroidism at an early stage? Any disease has its own characteristics, and hypothyroidism is no exception. In the early clinical stage, there are still some characteristic manifestations, summarized as follows: 1. rough and dry skin, but subcutaneous swelling, especially non-concaveable edema in front of the shin; 2. cold, drowsiness, indifference, slow reaction, memory loss, tongue edema, big tongue, speech speed is not as fast as before, loss of interest in things that usually interest you; 3. yellowing of palms, yellow face but not yellow sclera 4, dry hair, hair loss, loss of appetite, loss of libido, menstruation or even amenorrhea; infants and young children show signs of growth retardation and mental retardation. It is very important to notice these signs, stay alert and go to the hospital as soon as possible for a clear diagnosis, and leave the matter to the professional doctor after the diagnosis. Second, what is the impact of hypothyroidism on health? Does it have an impact on life? Hypothyroidism, like other diseases, can be harmful to health, but the question is what kind of harm is there. There are the following points: 1, the impact on myself: first of all, because the quality of life caused by the lack of energy, the efficiency of work greatly reduced, and the same age and gender than the feeling of falling behind at all times. Male patients with decreased appetite libido, women with scanty menstruation amenorrhea sexual apathy, affect the relationship between husband and wife, do anything can not lift the spirit. If further developed because of misdiagnosis, it can be generalized swelling, pericardial effusion, heart failure, while elevated blood cholesterol increases the risk of cardiovascular events. Finally, serious misdiagnosis can cause mucinous edematous coma, i.e., plus or minus crisis and death. In young children and adolescents, if not treated in time, it can affect the development of the nervous system and cause lifelong mental retardation. 2, the impact on the offspring: for women of childbearing age, if hypothyroidism is not reasonably treated during pregnancy, it will cause intrauterine growth retardation, especially fetal brain development, and this neurological abnormality will be carried to the delivery, and the newborn will be mentally retarded for life. Third, is hypothyroidism complicated to treat? Objectively speaking, hypothyroidism is complicated to treat, and the more serious the case is, the more complicated it is. Many clinical indicators need to be monitored and the dosage needs to be adjusted according to the indicators and clinical symptoms. The main line of treatment is thyroid hormone replacement therapy, and the more severe the condition, the lower the starting dose, with the exception of hypothyroid crisis. The dose is titrated gradually to the required replacement dose under close supervision. During this period, angina pectoris and even myocardial infarction may occur due to the rapid increase of the replacement dose, especially in elderly patients, and therefore ECG and cardiovascular symptoms need to be monitored. These are matters that are the responsibility of the medical professional, but the patient should actively cooperate. The main medications are levothyroxine tablets (trade name: Eugenol) and thyroid tablets, usually at a starting dose of 1/4 or 1/8 tablet per day, sometimes it may be less, depending on the condition. Secondly, for middle-aged and elderly patients, drugs to improve coronary blood supply and drugs to promote myocardial nutrient metabolism should be added. Due to the complex etiology of hypothyroidism, most patients with hypothyroidism require long-term or lifelong medication, except for a few with transient hypothyroidism. In general, patients can reach a reasonable replacement dose between 1-2 months, while patients with severe disease need longer time to adjust the dose. As for the final reasonable replacement dose, it varies greatly from individual to individual, generally 1-3 tablets/day, and more if the thyroid gland is severely damaged, depending on the results of laboratory tests. After reaching a reasonable replacement dose, the effect of replacement should be monitored regularly, usually once every 3-6 months. For more complicated treatment details, please consult your primary care physician. 4. How to prevent hypothyroidism? 1.Avoid high iodine diet and blind over-iodine supplementation. 2.Patients themselves should pay special attention to the above early symptoms of hypothyroidism and try to achieve early diagnosis and treatment. 3. Women of childbearing age should have routine thyroid hormone tests before pregnancy to detect and treat hypothyroidism as early as possible to avoid abnormal fetal development. 4.Routine checkup of thyroid items for newborns to correct hypothyroidism as early as possible to avoid lifelong mental retardation. 5. For people with a family history of thyroid disease, regular examination of thyroid morphology and function is required.