A common cause is primary herpetic stomatitis caused by the herpes simplex virus, which is most commonly seen in children under 6 years of age, especially more often between 6 months and 2 years of age, and most can heal spontaneously by keeping the mouth clean and avoiding irritating foods; the prognosis is generally good with systemic antiviral therapy, topical medication, symptomatic management and supportive therapy if necessary.
In addition, in children with a short lingual ligament, if the sharp edges of the newly erupted incisors rub against the short lingual ligament over a long period of time, the lingual ligament becomes congested, swollen and forms an ulcer. A change in the child’s feeding style from bottle to spoon feeding, surgical correction of the short tongue tie and sharpening of the over-sharp edge is required.