Phlebitis, known as thrombophlebitis, including superficial and deep phlebitis, is an inflammation of the blood vessels in the veins due to blood clots or damage to the vessel walls. There are many causes of venous thrombosis, with venous injury, slow blood flow and hypercoagulable blood being the three main factors contributing to venous thrombosis. Venous injury includes chemical, mechanical and infectious injury. Slow blood flow is caused by prolonged braking, bed rest due to illness, and sedentary behavior. Hypercoagulable state of blood is seen in trauma, post-surgery, tumors, prolonged use of birth control pills, pregnancy, and postpartum. Superficial phlebitis is generally a sterile inflammation, not due to pathogens such as bacteria or viruses, but due to chemical irritation, such as phlebitis can be easily caused by intravenous infusion of some more irritating drugs. In a few patients, phlebitis is caused by bacteria. Superficial phlebitis can be seen as local tissue redness, swelling, high skin temperature, pain, when the redness, swelling, heat and pain subside, the localization can show brown streaks. In acute stage, there may be fever and generalized discomfort. Deep phlebitis is mainly characterized by swelling and pain in the affected limb, which is aggravated when walking and relieved after rest. Thrombophlebitis belongs to the category of vascular surgery, through the conservative or surgical treatment of vascular surgery, can relieve or cure phlebitis.