The vast majority of patients with chronic lower limb ischemia have pathophysiologic manifestations that develop on the basis of atherosclerosis. The condition of atherosclerosis of the lower extremities is usually accompanied by the development of systemic atherosclerosis. Patients with arterial lesions of the lower extremities often have a combination of lesions of the coronary arteries, head and neck arteries, aortic or visceral arteries, and small intracranial arteries. The degree of development of lesions in these areas may vary, but they are all jointly affected by risk factors such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. Therefore, for the treatment of chronic lower limb ischemia, in addition to treating the vascular lesions in the lower limbs, attention should also be paid to whether there are vascular lesions in other parts of the body, as well as to the treatment of high-risk factors.