Coughing with chest pain is mainly divided into chest wall pain and chest visceral pain, which need to be carefully identified, and some etiologies may be fatal. Commonly, chest wall pain after coughing is mostly due to the occurrence of pleurisy. There are two layers of pleura between the lung and chest wall, respectively, the dirty pleura and the wall pleura, both of which form the pleural cavity, with a little fluid in the cavity, and the breathing movement is friction between the two sides of the pleura, which is not felt under normal circumstances. There is also a part of pain caused by muscle fatigue of the chest wall especially due to continuous violent coughing. It is usually self-limiting and gradually disappears after the cough is relieved. There are more types of chest visceral pain: 1, coughing causes pneumothorax repeated coughing especially in thin and tall young people and patients with emphysema alveoli, leading to rupture of the dirty chest wall and gas entering the pleural cavity, which can cause severe pain, accompanied by chest tightness and dyspnea, requiring immediate hospital consultation. 2, pulmonary embolism the disease can be manifested as cough, dyspnea, chest pain, hemoptysis, requiring immediate hospital consultation. 3.Lung cancer middle-aged and elderly people who have been smoking for a long time with persistent cough, chest pain and blood in sputum need to be highly suspected of possible lung tumor. Therefore, cough and chest pain can be both causally and concomitantly related. If symptoms of dyspnea, chest tightness and hemoptysis appear, timely hospital consultation is needed to avoid delaying the condition.