(Disclaimer: This article is for scientific purposes only, in order to protect the patient’s privacy, the relevant information in the following content has been processed) Abstract: The patient is a female, 16 years old, with localized baldness formed by scarring after head trauma for 15 years, and was diagnosed with keloid alopecia after examination, and was recommended to undergo surgical treatment. Preoperative examination focused on the skull for defects, and the thickness of the scarred scalp, in order to determine the specific plan of surgery, followed by hair transplantation, the surgical process went smoothly, postoperative recovery was good, the patient’s scarred area of hair growth, and the appearance of the image improved significantly. [Basic information] Female, 16 years old [Disease type] Scarring alopecia [Consultation hospital] The First Affiliated Hospital of the General Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army of China [Consultation time] May 2018 [Treatment plan] Hair transplantation [Treatment cycle] Hospitalization for 3 days [Treatment effect] Hair grows in the scarred area, and the appearance and image are significantly improved I. Initial interview Patient female, 16 years old, localized baldness formed by scarring after head trauma In 15 years, when she was about 1 year old, her head fell onto a stove, and the scar healed after treatment at a local hospital, but no hair grew locally. On examination, a large area of scarring was seen in the upper part of the posterior occipital region, which was tough, pale in color, and about 5×10 cm in size, with a palpable and obvious depression on the surface, and was diagnosed as keloid alopecia. Preoperatively, it was necessary to determine whether there was a defect in the skull to determine whether it was suitable for surgery and to determine the surgical plan. Digital radiography showed that the skull was intact, but the scarred skin was thin, with the thinnest part being only 0.9mm. Preoperative examination of the patient’s scalp showed no obvious inflammation, and no abnormality was seen after blood sampling for routine blood tests, blood coagulation, and immunity tests, so the patient underwent a hair transplantation surgery after completing the preoperative examination. The patient underwent hair transplantation under local anesthesia, and attention was paid to the planting of hair follicles in the thin scarred area. The operation went smoothly, no obvious discomfort during the operation, and the patient recovered well after the operation. Before the surgery, the patient had a large scalp scar in the back of the occipital area, with no hair growth on the surface, seriously affecting the appearance of the patient. In order to cover the scar, the patient always wore long hair, and in summer, she felt particularly hot and uncomfortable, and she also had an inferiority complex. After hair transplantation, hair gradually grew in the scarred area, covering the scarred area, significantly improving the appearance, and gradually alleviating the patient’s low self-esteem. After receiving the treatment, patients need to wait for 6-8 months before the scar can be completely covered, it is recommended to maintain patience. Fourth, precautions After hair transplantation treatment, the patient’s scar area of hair growth, obviously improve the appearance, as a doctor feel very pleased. However, patients are reminded that it takes some time for the hair to grow out completely. During the recovery period, attention should be paid to the protection of the operation area, and the hair can be washed on the 5th day after the operation, but care should be taken to move gently and avoid the use of irritating toiletries. Within 6 months, you should eat less spicy and stimulating food, so as not to stimulate the wound to cause discomfort. Patients can lie down to sleep, and the back of the head area can be squeezed appropriately, but avoid prolonged squeezing. The follicle roots start to grow back 2-3 months after the surgery, and it takes 6-8 months for all of them to grow back, so the patient should not be in a hurry. V. Personal perception The patient in this case belongs to the common scarring alopecia of the head due to childhood injury, often because the injury is relatively long, not only affecting the appearance and image, but also likely to affect the mental health. In such cases, it is necessary to improve the appearance as soon as possible to avoid the damage to the patient’s psychological image, and it is recommended to complete the surgery as soon as possible if the patient can tolerate local anesthesia and cooperate with the surgery. Hair transplantation is the ideal treatment for scarring alopecia, the best solution is tissue expansion and hair transplantation, or a combination of the two, according to the patient’s specific situation, to determine the most suitable treatment plan will achieve the best therapeutic results.