Patients with cavitary tuberculosis are generally more infectious, and most patients with cavitary tuberculosis will have more tuberculosis bacteria when sputum is tested for tuberculosis. In terms of transmission, it is mainly through respiratory droplets, such as close contact with patients with cavitary tuberculosis, which can easily lead to infection. Once the diagnosis of cavitary tuberculosis is clear, anti-tuberculosis treatment should be administered as soon as possible. Most of the cases can be completely cured with timely treatment. In the process of treatment, it is important to rest well, strengthen nutrition, and review regularly.