Anorectal palpation is the most common and simple examination method in anorectal surgery, and it plays an important role in anorectal examination. The anorectal examination can detect perianal skin nodules, corpuscles, masses, the nature and degree of pain, the relationship between the external opening and corpuscles, and facilitate the observation and recording of the location, number, shape, size, depth, hardness, direction, mobility and distance from the anal verge of these lesions. The anorectal examination does not require special instruments, but it can provide the physician with a lot of information relevant to the diagnosis. Anorectal palpation should be performed gently, carefully, and without violence, in a certain order, from the bottom up or from the top down, with the healthy side first and the affected side second. Patients with anorectal fissures are usually not subjected to anorectal examination, but it should be performed under local anesthesia. The reasons why anorectal examination is not performed should be clearly informed to the patient and written in the case. According to clinical statistics, about 50% of rectal cancer patients can be detected by anorectal examination, which shows the importance of anorectal examination, therefore, patients with anorectal diseases must have anorectal examination when seeking medical treatment, so as to achieve early detection and treatment.