Acute pancreatitis: It is a common acute abdominal disease, which can be divided into edematous and hemorrhagic necrotizing. Acute edematous pancreatitis is mild and has a good prognosis, while acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis is sinister and has a high mortality rate. Acute pancreatitis has a variety of pathogenic risk factors, among which biliary tract disease and excessive alcohol consumption are the most common. The common manifestations of acute pancreatitis include abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, signs of peritonitis, etc. Hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis may present with shock, pulmonary failure, central nervous system symptoms, etc. The treatment of acute pancreatitis should be based on its typology, severity and etiology to choose the appropriate treatment, such as reasonable medical support treatment is ineffective, the condition continues to deteriorate, biliary pancreatitis, secondary infection of the pancreas and peripancreatic tissues, late in the course of the disease combined with intestinal fistula or pancreatic pseudocysts should be considered for surgical treatment. The most commonly used surgical procedure is necrotic tissue removal with drainage, which aims to remove necrotic tissue and provide adequate drainage. The prognosis of acute pancreatitis depends on the staging and severity. The prognosis of hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis is poor, and even if surgery is performed, the mortality rate is still high. Pancreatic cancer: It is a malignant tumor of the digestive system with a very high degree of malignancy, including cancer of the head of the pancreas and cancer of the tail of the body of the pancreas. The common clinical manifestations of pancreatic cancer are abdominal pain, jaundice and emaciation. Due to the deep location of pancreatic cancer and the lack of peritoneum, the tumor can easily infiltrate into the surrounding tissues, including organs, blood vessels, lymph nodes, nerves, etc. As a result, most of the pancreatic cancer cases are already in advanced stage when they are diagnosed. Surgical resection is an effective treatment for pancreatic cancer, and pancreatic cancer without distant metastasis should be resected surgically to prolong survival and improve quality of life, but only 10%-20% of patients have the chance of surgical resection at the time of diagnosis. The common surgical procedures include pancreatic head and duodenectomy, pancreatic tail resection and total pancreatectomy. The prognosis of pancreatic cancer is very poor, which is related to many factors, such as the size of the tumor, the presence of lymph node metastasis, treatment methods, etc. The 1-year survival rate of patients without surgical treatment is less than 10%, and the 5-year survival rate is only 1% to 3%.